Yayingesosixhobo sam sokucoca amanzi esaqhekezwa kuqala. Yayisifriji yam ekrelekrele. Ngentsimbi yesi-3:00 kusasa, ikhalenda yosapho eyayikwisikrini sayo yacinywa yaza yatshintshwa ngumyalezo obhalwe ngesiNgesi esibi othi ufuna i-0.5 Bitcoin. Umatshini wokwenza umkhenkce waqala ukulahla iityhubhu phantsi. Izibane zangaphakathi zazikhanya njenge-alamu engathethiyo. Ikhaya lam elikrelekrele, elinezixhobo ezidityanisiweyo, lalisele liyinto yokubanjwa ekhitshini lam.

Kuthathe umnxeba onzima nowoyikekayo ukuya kwingcali yokhuseleko lwe-intanethi ukuze ndifumane izixhobo zam. Kodwa umbuzo wakhe wokugqibela undipholise kakhulu kunomkhenkce ophantsi: "Ngaba unesixhobo sokucoca amanzi esixhunyiweyo kwinethiwekhi enye?"

Ndenza njalo. Kwaye ngequbuliso, uloyiko lwam olukhulu lwatshintsha ukusuka emanzini angcolileyo lwaya kuhlobo olwahlukileyo lwetyhefu: ukuchithwa kwedijithali.

Sikhusela i-Wi-Fi yethu, sihlaziya ii-laptops zethu, kwaye siyalumkela ii-imeyile ze-phishing. Kodwa sixhuma isixhobo kwinethiwekhi yethu esilawula ngokuthe ngqo, ngokwasemzimbeni ubutyebi obuxhasa ubomi—amanzi ethu—ngokhuseleko oluhlala lungekho ngaphezu kwethoyi yomntwana. Isicoci samanzi esiqhekeziweyo asisosixhobo nje esiphukileyo; sikwaphula umthetho kwinqanaba elisondeleyo.

Ubuthathaka "befriji yedijithali": Umphezulu wohlaselo lomcoci wakho

Ingcali yam yokhuseleko lwe-intanethi idwebe izinto ezifanayo ebhodini elimhlophe. Njengefriji yam, isixhobo sam sokucoca amanzi esisemgangathweni ophezulu yikhompyutha exhunyiweyo kwiqokobhe leplastiki. Umphezulu wayo wohlaselo ubanzi:

• I-App/Cloud Portal Ebuthathaka: Ukungena ukuze uyilawule okanye uyijonge idatha yayo kudla ngokukhuselwa ligama eliyimfihlo elilula, ngamanye amaxesha neliqhelekileyo.
• I-Firmware Ephelelwe lixesha, Engalungisekiyo: Uninzi lwezixhobo zokucoca “ziyalibala.” Inkampani isenokungaze ikhuphe uhlaziyo lokhuseleko emva kosuku ethunyelwa ngalo.
• Ukusasazwa Kwedatha Okuhlala Kuhleli: Ihlala ifowunela ekhaya—ithumela idatha yokusetyenziswa, imeko yesihluzo, kunye nolwazi lokuxilonga kwiseva yomenzi. Oku kusenokuba kukuvuza kwedatha kwimikhwa yakho yasekhaya.
• IiValve zoLawulo loMzimba: Le yeyona ndawo yoyikekayo. Inee-solenoids kunye neevalve ezinokuvula nokucima ukuhamba kwamanzi, okanye ziqalise ukugungxula kwenkqubo.

Ezandleni zomdlali onobungozi, oku akuyongozi ecingelwayo. Yindlela yokwenzakala.

Iziganeko Ezingenakucingelwa: Ukusuka Kwinkathazo Ukuya Kwiphupha Elibi

Masidlule "ekuphulweni kwedatha" okungabonakaliyo siye kwiintlaselo eziphathekayo nezinokwenzeka:

1. Ukutshixwa kweRansomware: Eyona meko inokwenzeka. Ujongano lwesixhobo sakho sokucoca luvalwe yi-ransomware. Umyalezo kwisikrini saso okanye kwi-app yakho ufuna intlawulo ukuze kubuyiselwe umsebenzi. Awunakujonga imeko yesihluzo, usebenzise umjikelo wokucoca, okanye kwiimeko ezigqithisileyo, inkqubo inokwala ukukhupha amanzi, nto leyo ebambe ukugcinwa kwamanzi emzimbeni wakho.
2. Ubuqhetseba "bobuQhekebe bokuHluza": Umqhekezi ufumana ukufikelela kwiingxelo zenkqubo. Bakhohlisa isilumkiso sokuba isihluzo ngasinye kunye ne-RO membrane azisebenzanga kakuhle, becela ukuba kutshintshwe ngoko nangoko ngekhonkco eliya kwivenkile yobuxoki (okanye enobuqhetseba) ethengisa iinxalenye zobuxoki ezibiza kakhulu. Basebenzisa ukuthembela kwakho kwisixhobo ukuze bakuqhathe.
3. Ukonakalisa ibhodi yokulawula ngeBrick: Iskripthi okanye umhlaseli uthumela umyalelo we-firmware owonakeleyo, ohlala ecinezela ibhodi yokulawula. Umatshini ufile, uvuza iphepha ude uhlawulele ukutshintshwa kwebhodi yomama epheleleyo.
4. Ukonakalisa Ngokwasemzimbeni (Eyona Mbandela Imbi): Umhlaseli onokufikelela nzulu, ngokwethiyori, unokwenza ivalvu zenkqubo zihlambe aze acoce ngokungacwangciswanga. Oku kunokubangela ihamile yamanzi—uxinzelelo olunokuqhekeza izixhobo kwaye lubangele ukukhukhula ngaphakathi kwiikhabhathi nakwiindonga zakho. Akuyityhefa amanzi; kukusebenzisa isixhobo ukuze sityhefe ikhaya lakho.

Iprotokholi yakho yoKhuseleko lwaManzi eDijithali ye-7-Point

Emva kokuba ndingene efrijini, ndisebenzise le ndlela yokusebenza kuzo zonke izixhobo ezixhunyiweyo, ingakumbi isixhobo sam sokucoca. Nawe umele uyenze loo nto.

1. Yibeke kwiNethiwekhi yeeNdwendwe: Yenza inethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi eyahlukileyo (uninzi lwee-routers zanamhlanje zinokwenza oku) kuphela kwizixhobo zakho ze-IoT. Isicoci sakho, izibane, kunye nefriji zihlala apha. Iilaptops zakho, iifowuni, kunye nezixhobo zomsebenzi zihlala kwinethiwekhi ephambili. Ulwaphulo-mthetho kwinethiwekhi yeendwendwe luyathintelwa.
2. Sebenzisa i-Nuke Defaults: Tshintsha igama lomsebenzisi kunye negama lokugqitha elimiselweyo kwi-app ye-cleaner kunye ne-portal yewebhu ibe ligama lokugqitha eliqinileyo nelikhethekileyo. Sebenzisa umphathi wegama lokugqitha.
3. Iimvume ze-App zoHlolo: Kwi-app yeselula ye-cleaner, yikhabe yonke imvume ayidingi ngokupheleleyo ukusebenza (Indawo, ooQhagamshelwano, njl.njl.). Ifuna i-Wi-Fi. Iyenza loo ntohayikufuneka wazi apho ukhoyo.
4. Khubaza ukufikelela kude ukuba kunokwenzeka: Ngaba i-app ikuvumela ukuba uyilawule naphi na? Ukuba uyidinga ekhaya kuphela, jonga ukuba kukho imo "yeNethiwekhi yeNgingqi kuphela".
5. Jonga i-"Wi-Fi Kill Switch" ebonakalayo: Ezinye iimodeli zineqhosha elincinci lokucima i-Wi-Fi. Ukuba awusebenzisi iimpawu ezikrelekrele yonke imihla, cima i-Wi-Fi ngokusisigxina. I-simplifier sisicoci esikhuselekileyo. Seta izikhumbuzo zekhalenda ngesandla zotshintsho lwesihluzi.
6. Jonga iNethiwekhi Yakho: Sebenzisa isixhobo esilula sokuskena inethiwekhi (njengeFing) ukuze ubone ukuba zeziphi izixhobo eziqhagamshelwe kwinethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya. Ukuba ubona into ongayiqondiyo, phanda.
7. Buza Umbuzo Onzima Ngaphambi Kokuba Uthenge: Xa uphanda ngesixhobo sokucoca "esikrelekrele", thumela inkxaso yenkampani nge-imeyile. Buza oku: "Ithini imigaqo-nkqubo yakho yokutyhila ubuthathaka? Uzikhupha kangaphi iipatches zokhuseleko kwizixhobo zakho ezixhunyiweyo?" Impendulo yakho ayiphenduli.