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Izihluzi ezinkulu zamanzi eBerkey zinehlelo lokulandela. Besenza uphando ngeyona miphanda ilungileyo yokucoca amanzi kunye neyona ilungileyo phantsi kwezihluzo zamanzi ezintywilayo iminyaka, kwaye sibuzwa malunga neBig Berkey amaxesha amaninzi. Umvelisi ubanga ukuba esi sihluzo sinokususa izinto ezingcolisayo kunezinye izihluzi. Nangona kunjalo, ngokungafaniyo nezinye iinketho zethu zokucoca, iBig Berkey ayiqinisekiswanga ngokuzimeleyo kwimigangatho ye-NSF/ANSI.
Emva kweeyure ezingama-50 zophando kunye novavanyo lwelebhu oluzimeleyo lwamabango omvelisi uBig Berkey, iziphumo zethu zovavanyo, kunye neziphumo zenye ilebhu esithethe nayo kunye nelebhu yesithathu eziphumo zayo zifumaneka esidlangalaleni, azingqinelani ngokupheleleyo. Sikholelwa ukuba oku kubonisa ngakumbi ukubaluleka kwesatifikethi se-NSF/ANSI: sivumela abantu ukuba benze izigqibo zokuthenga ngokusekelwe kuthelekiso oluthembekileyo lokusebenza kwee-apile ukuya kuma-apile. Ukongeza, kuba inkqubo yeBig Berkey inkulu, ibiza kakhulu, kwaye kunzima ukuyigcina kuneengqayi ezizikileyo kunye nezihluzi, ngekhe siyincome nokuba ibiqinisekisiwe.
Iinkqubo ze-countertop ze-Berkey kunye nezihluzo zibiza kakhulu kunezinye iinketho zokuhluza amanzi kwaye zilula ukuyisebenzisa. Amabango entsebenzo yabavelisi akaqinisekiswanga ngokuzimeleyo ngokwemigangatho yesizwe.
IMillennium Concepts eNtsha, umenzi weBig Berkey, ubanga ukuba isihluzi sinokususa ngaphezulu kwekhulu lezingcolisi, ezingaphezulu kakhulu kunezinye izihluzi ezityiswa ngumxhuzulane esithe saziqwalasela. Siye savavanya la mabango ngomlinganiselo oqingqiweyo, kwaye iziphumo zethu bezingasoloko zingqinelana neziphumo zelebhu ezigunyaziswe yiNew Millennium. Ngokukodwa, iziphumo ezivela kwilabhoratri esiyigunyazisileyo nakwilabhoratri iNew Millennium esandula ukwenza ikhontrakthi yabonisa ukuba ukuhluzwa kwechloroform akuzange kusebenze njengovavanyo lwesithathu lwangaphambili (ekwaye kwachazwa kuncwadi lwemveliso yeNew Millennium).
Akukho nalunye kovavanyo esilukhankanyayo apha (ingaba luvavanyo lwethu okanye uvavanyo lwe-Envirotek okanye uvavanyo lwekhontrakthi yeNew Millennium yeLos Angeles County Laboratory) ehlangabezana nobungqongqo bovavanyo lwe-NSF/ANSI. Ngokukodwa, i-NSF/ANSI ifune ukuba uhlobo lwesihluzo esisetyenziswe nguBerkey kufuneka lugqithise kabini umthamo olinganisiweyo wesihluzo apho amanzi amdaka alinganiswa phambi kokuthatha imilinganiselo. Ngelixa zonke iimvavanyo esizibhambathisayo kunye neMillennium eNtsha, ngokolwazi lwethu, ngokucokisekileyo kunye nobuchwephesha, nganye isebenzisa eyakhe, iprotocol esebenza nzima kakhulu. Ekubeni akukho vavanyo oluqhutywe kwimigangatho epheleleyo ye-NSF / ANSI, asinayo indlela ecacileyo yokuthelekisa ngokuchanekileyo iziphumo okanye ukuthelekisa ukusebenza ngokubanzi kwe-Burkey filter kwinto esiyivavanye ngaphambili.
Omnye ummandla apho wonk’ ubani wavumayo yayikukususa ilothe emanzini okusela, nto leyo eyayibonisa ukuba iBig Berkey yenza umsebenzi omhle wokukhupha iintsimbi ezinzima. Ke ukuba unengxaki eyaziwayo ngelothe okanye ezinye iintsimbi emanzini akho, kunokuba kufanelekile ukujonga kwiiBig Berks njengomlinganiselo wethutyana.
Ukongeza kubunzima bokuthelekisa iziphumo zebhubhoratri eziphikisanayo, iNew Millennium Concepts ayizange iphendule kwizicelo zodliwano-ndlebe ezininzi ukuxoxa ngeziphumo zethu. Lilonke, iingxelo zethu zisinika ukuqonda okungacacanga kweenkqubo zikaBerkey, akunjalo nakwabanye abavelisi abaninzi bezihluzi.
Kuhluzo lwamanzi lwemihla ngemihla, uninzi lwepitha eqinisekisiweyo ye-NSF/ANSI kunye nezihluzo ezingaphantsi kwesinki zincinci, zilungele ngakumbi, zitshiphu ukuthenga nokugcina, kwaye kulula ukuzisebenzisa. Bakwabonelela ngoxanduva lokuphendula oluhambelana novavanyo oluzimeleyo noluselubala.
Gcina ukhumbula ukuba uninzi lweenkqubo zamanzi zikamasipala zikhuselekile ngokwendalo, ngaphandle kokuba uyazi ukuba kukho ingxaki ekuhlaleni, awuzukudinga ukuhluzwa ngenxa yezizathu zempilo. Ukuba ukulungela ungxamiseko kuyinkxalabo enkulu kuwe, qwalasela iingcebiso ezivela kwisikhokelo sethu sokulungela ukuxakeka, okubandakanya iimveliso kunye neengcebiso zokugcina amanzi acocekileyo efikeleleka.
Ukusukela ngo-2016, ndiye ndongamela isikhokelo sethu kwizihluzi zamanzi, kubandakanywa neengqayi kunye neenkqubo eziphantsi kwe-sink. UJohn Holecek wayengumphandi wangaphambili we-NOAA oye wenza uvavanyo lomgangatho womoya kunye namanzi kuthi ukususela ngo-2014. Wavelisa izisombululo zovavanyo kwaye wasebenza kunye neebhulethi ezizimeleyo egameni le-Wirecutter ukubhala esi sikhokelo kunye nesikhokelo sokucoca i-pitcher. I-EnviroMatrix Analytical ivunyiwe liSebe laseCalifornia lezeMpilo yoLuntu ukuvavanya rhoqo amanzi okusela.
Iinkqubo ezinkulu zokucoca i-Berkey kunye neenkqubo ezifanayo ezivela kwi-Alexapure kunye neProOne (eyayiyiPropur) zithandwa phakathi kwabantu abaxhomekeke kumanzi aphilileyo, anokuthi aqulethe ukungcola okuya kususwa ngamaziko okucoca amanzi kamasipala. IBurkey ikwaneqela elikhulu labalandelayo phakathi kweengcali zokulungela intlekele kunye nabathandabuzayo bakarhulumente. 1 Abathengisi be-Berkey babhengeza ezi nkqubo njengezixhobo zokhuseleko olungxamisekileyo, kwaye ngoqikelelo oluthile banokubonelela ngamanzi okusela ahluziweyo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-170 yabantu ngosuku.
Nokuba siyintoni na isizathu somdla wakho kwiBerkey okanye nayiphi na enye inkqubo yokucoca amanzi, kufuneka sigxininise ukuba uninzi lwamanzi kamasipala eUnited States acoceke kakhulu ukuqala. Akukho sihluzo sinokususa ungcoliseko olungekhoyo, ngoko ke ngaphandle kokuba unengxaki eyaziwayo, awuzukusidinga kwaphela isihluzi.
Abavelisi beBig Berkey babanga ukuba isixhobo sinokususa ngaphezulu kwekhulu lezingcolisi (ezininzi ngakumbi kunaso nasiphi na esinye isihluzo esondla umxhuzulane esikhe sajongisisa). Kuba esi sihluzo singaqinisekiswanga nge-NSF/ANSI (ngokungafaniyo nazo zonke ezinye izihluzi esizicebisayo kwezinye izikhokelo), asinaso isiseko esiqinileyo sokuyithelekisa nezinye izihluzi esizivavanyileyo kwixesha elidlulileyo. Ke sigqibe kwelokuba senze uvavanyo oluzimeleyo ukuzama ukuphinda-phinda ezinye zezi ziphumo.
Ukuvavanya la mabango, njengovavanyo lwe-canister, uJohn Holecek ulungiselele into awayeyibiza ngokuba "zizisombululo zengxaki" kwaye waqhuba nge-Big Berkey system (exhotywe nge-Black Berkey filter). Emva koko wathumela iisampulu zesisombululo kunye namanzi ahluziweyo kwi-EnviroMatrix Analytical, ilabhoratri ezimeleyo evunyiweyo yi-State of California, ukuba ihlalutye. Ukwenza uvavanyo lwe-Big Burkey, walungiselela izisombululo ezibini: enye iqulethe isixa esikhulu selothe enyibilikisiweyo, kwaye enye iqulethe i-chloroform. Baza kunika umbono wokusebenza kakuhle kwesihluzi ngokunxulumene nesinyithi esinzima kunye neekhompawundi eziphilayo.
UJohn ulungiselele iisampulu zolawulo ukuhlangabezana okanye ukugqithisa ugxininiso longcoliseko oluchazwe kwisatifikethi seNSF/ANSI (150 µg/L yelothe kunye ne-300 µg/L yeklorofomu). Ngokutsho kovavanyo lwedayi yaseBerkey (ividiyo), emva kokuqinisekisa ukuba isihluzo sifakwe kwaye sisebenza ngokuchanekileyo, wagijima igaloni yesisombululo esingcolileyo ngeBerkey kwaye wayilahla i-filtrate (amanzi kunye nantoni na eye yadlula kwisihluzo). Ukulinganisa isisombululo esingcolileyo, wahluza isamba seelitha ezimbini zolwelo ngeBurkey, wasusa isampuli yokulawula kwi-gallon yesibini, kwaye waqokelela iisampuli ezimbini zovavanyo lwefiltrate kuyo. Ulawulo kunye neesampulu ezivuzayo zaye zathunyelwa kwi-EnviroMatrix Analytical ukuze zivavanywe. Ngenxa yokuba ikloroform iguquguquka kakhulu kwaye “ifuna” ukujika ibe ngumphunga kwaye idityaniswe nezinye iikhompawundi ezikhoyo, uJohn uxuba iklorofomu kwisisombululo esingcolisayo ngaphambi nje kokuhluzwa.
I-EnviroMatrix Analytical isebenzisa igesi chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) ukulinganisa ikloroform kunye nayo nayiphi na enye i-volatile organic compounds (okanye ii-VOCs). Umxholo okhokelayo walinganiswa usebenzisa i-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) ngokwe-EPA Method 200.8.
Iziphumo ze-EnviroMatrix Analytical ziphikisana ngokuyinxenye kwaye zixhasa amabango e-New Millennium. Izihluzi ezimnyama zeBerkey azisebenzi kangako ekususeni ikloroform. Kwelinye icala, benza umsebenzi omhle kakhulu wokunciphisa ilothe. (Jonga icandelo elilandelayo ngeziphumo ezipheleleyo.)
Sabelana ngeziphumo zethu zelebhu kunye noJamie Young, ikhemisti kunye nomnini/umqhubi welebhu yovavanyo lwamanzi enelayisensi yaseNew Jersey (eyayibizwa ngokuba yi-Envirotek ngoko) elawulwa yiNew Millennium Concepts (umdali we-Big Berkey system) egunyaziswe ngo-2014. uvavanyo lwakho. Esi sisihluzo seBlack Berkey. 2 Abancinci baqinisekise iziphumo zethu ngechloroform kunye nelothe.
I-New Millennium iye yamisela ezinye iimvavanyo kwixesha elidlulileyo, kubandakanywa enye kwi-2012 eyenziwa nguMkomishinala wezoLimo we-Los Angeles County / iSebe leZisindo kunye neMilinganiselo yeLebhu ye-Environmental Toxicology; kule ngxelo, i-chloroform (PDF) ngokwenene idweliswe njenge-Black Berkey ngokwemigangatho yesebe (EPA, ayikho enye yezinto ezingcolileyo ezisuswe yi-NSF / ANSI). Emva kovavanyo ngo-2012, umsebenzi we-toxicology watshintshelwa kwiSebe lezeMpilo yoLuntu laseLos Angeles. Saqhagamshelana ne-DPH kwaye baqinisekisa ukuba ingxelo yokuqala ichanekile. Kodwa i-New Millennium ichaze uvavanyo lwe-Young "njengomjikelo wamva nje" kwaye iziphumo zakhe zezokugqibela zidweliswe kwi-Birkey Water Knowledge Base, apho iMillennium entsha igcina uluhlu lweziphumo zovavanyo kwaye iphendule imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo kwiwebhusayithi ezimeleyo.
I-Wirecutter, i-Young kunye ne-Los Angeles County yokuvavanya iiprothokholi azihambelani. Kwaye ekubeni akukho namnye kubo ohlangabezana nemigangatho ye-NSF/ANSI, asinaso isiseko esisemgangathweni sokuthelekisa iziphumo.
Ke, uluvo lwethu lulonke lwenkqubo yeBig Berkey ayixhomekeke kakhulu kwiziphumo zovavanyo lwethu. I-Big Berkey ilula ngokwaneleyo ukuyisebenzisa kwaye ineendleko-zonga ukuba sicebisa isihluzo esiqhelekileyo se-gravity-fed canister kuninzi lwabafundi, nangona iBerkey yenza yonke into eNtsha yeMillennium ibango enokuyenza njengesihluzo.
Sikwanqumle iifilitha ezimbalwa zeBlack Berkey ukubona ukuba zakhiwa njani kwaye sifumane ubungqina bokuba ziqulathe “ubuncinci” izinto ezintandathu ezahlukeneyo zokucoca, njengoko ibango lezentengiso likaBerkey. Sifumanise ukuba ngelixa isihluzo se-Berkey sikhulu kwaye sixinene kuneBrita kunye ne-3M Filtrete izihluzo, zibonakala zinendlela efanayo yokuhluza: i-carbon esebenzayo efakwe i-ion exchange resin.
Iinkqubo zokuhluza zeBerkey ziwela kudidi olukhulu lwezihluzo ezondliwe ngumxhuzulane. Ezi zixhobo zilula zisebenzisa umxhuzulane ukutsala umthombo wamanzi ukusuka kwigumbi eliphezulu ngesihluzo semesh ecolekileyo; amanzi ahluziweyo aqokelelwa kwigumbi elingaphantsi kwaye angahanjiswa ukusuka apho. Le yindlela esebenzayo kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi, apho izihlungi ze-canister zingumzekelo oqhelekileyo.
Izihluzi zeBerkey zisebenza kakhulu ekunyangeni amanzi okusela angcoliswe yilothe. Kuvavanyo lwethu, banciphisa amanqanaba okukhokela ukusuka kwi-170 µg / L ukuya kwi-0.12 µg / L, edlula kakhulu imfuno yesatifikethi ye-NSF / ANSI yokunciphisa amanqanaba okukhokela ukusuka kwi-150 µg / L ukuya kwi-10 µg / L okanye ngaphantsi.
Kodwa kuvavanyo lwethu nge-chloroform, isihluzo se-Black Berkey siqhube kakubi, sinciphisa umxholo we-chloroform yesampulu yovavanyo nje nge-13%, ukusuka kwi-150 µg/L ukuya kwi-130 µg/L. I-NSF/ANSI ifuna ukucuthwa kwe-95% ukusuka kwi-300 µg/L ukuya kwi-15 µg/L okanye ngaphantsi. (Isisombululo sethu sovavanyo salungiselelwa kumgangatho we-NSF/ANSI we-300 µg/L, kodwa ukuguquguquka kwe-chloroform kuthetha ukuba yenza imixube emitsha ngokukhawuleza okanye ikhuphe umphunga, ngoko ukugxininiswa kwayo kwehla ukuya kwi-150 µg/L xa ivavanywa. Kodwa uvavanyo lwe-EnviroMatrix Analytical nalo ukubamba (ezinye iikhompawundi eziguquguqukayo ezinokuthi zivelise i-chloroform, ngoko sikholelwa ukuba iziphumo zichanekile.) UJamie Young, injineli yovavanyo lwamanzi enelayisensi evela eNew Jersey oqhube umjikelo wamva nje wovavanyo lweNew Millennium Concepts, naye wenza kakubi ngechloroform evela kwabaMnyama. Isihluzo seBerkey
Nangona kunjalo, iNew Millennium Concepts ibango kwibhokisi yokucoca ukuba isihluzi seBlack Berkey sehlisa ikloroform ngama-99.8% ukuya “ngaphantsi kwemida enokubonwa elabhoratri.” (Eli nani libonakala lisekelwe kwiziphumo zovavanyo olwenziwe yiLabhoratri yeNgingqi yaseLos Angeles ngo-2012. Iziphumo zovavanyo [PDF] ziyafumaneka kwisiseko solwazi saseBerkey Water, esidityaniswe (kodwa singeyonxalenye) yesiza esikhulu saseBerkey.)
Ukucaca, nathi, i-Envirotek, okanye i-Los Angeles County asiphindanga yonke i-NSF/ANSI Standard 53 protocol esetyenziselwa izihluzi ze-gravity ezifana ne-Black Berkey.
Kwimeko yethu, senze uvavanyo lwebhubhoratri emva kokuba i-Black Berkeys ihluze iilitha ezininzi zesisombululo esilungisiweyo kwi-concentration ye-NSF / ANSI. Kodwa isiqinisekiso se-NSF/ANSI sidinga izihluzi ezondliwe ngumxhuzulane ukuze zimelane kabini umthamo wazo wokuqukuqela olinganisiweyo phambi kovavanyo. Kwisihluzo seBlack Berkey, oko kuthetha iilitha ezingama-6,000.
Njengathi, uJamie Young ulungiselele isisombululo sokuvavanya kwi-NSF / ANSI Standard 53, kodwa ayizange ihambe kwi-Standard Standard 53 protocol, eyayifuna iilitha ezingama-6,000 zesisombululo esingcolileyo esisetyenziswe yi-Black Berries ukudlula kwisihlungi. Unike ingxelo yokuba kwiimvavanyo zakhe isihluzi siqhube kakuhle ngokukhokela, nto leyo eqinisekisa iziphumo zethu. Nangona kunjalo, wathi abasayi kuhlangabezana nemigangatho yokususa i-NSF emva kokucoca malunga neelitha ze-1,100-ngaphezulu nje kwesithathu kwi-New Millennium's ibango le-3,000-gallon yokuphila kwezihluzo ze-Black Berkey.
I-Los Angeles County ilandela i-protocol ye-EPA eyahlukileyo apho isampuli enye ye-2-litre yesisombululo sesampuli idlula kwisihluzo. Ngokungafaniyo nathi kunye nabaNcinci, isithili safumanisa ukuba iBlack Berkey filter isuse ikloroform kwimigangatho yovavanyo, kulo mzekelo mkhulu kune 99.8%, ukusuka kuma-250 µg/L ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-0.5 µg/L.
Iziphumo ezingahambelaniyo kuvavanyo lwethu xa kuthelekiswa nezo zivela kwiilebhu ezimbini ezigunyaziswe nguBurkey zisenza sibe mathidala ukucebisa esi sihluzo, ngakumbi xa unokufumana ezinye iinketho eziqinisekisiweyo ezizimeleyo eziphendula yonke le mibuzo ivulekileyo.
Ngokubanzi, amava ethu okuvavanya axhasa isikhundla sethu: sincoma izihlungi zamanzi kunye nesatifikethi se-NSF / ANSI, ngelixa uBerkey akanaso isatifikethi. Oku kungenxa yokuba imigangatho yoqinisekiso lwe-NSF/ANSI ingqongqo ngokugqithisileyo kwaye iselubala: nabani na unokuyifunda kwiwebhusayithi ye-NSF. Iilabhoratri ezizimeleyo ezivunyiweyo kuvavanyo lwesiqinisekiso se-NSF/ANSI ngokwazo zivunyiwe ngokungqongqo. Xa sibhala malunga nesi sikhokelo, sathetha ne-NSF kwaye safunda ukuba kuya kubiza ngaphezulu kwe-1 yezigidi zeedola ukwenza uvavanyo lwesatifikethi sazo zonke izinto ezithi iNew Millennium Concepts ithi i-Black Berkey filter iyayisusa. I-New Millennium ithe ikholelwa ukuba isiqinisekiso se-NSF asiyomfuneko, echaza iindleko njengesinye isizathu sokuba ingakhange iqhube uvavanyo.
Kodwa nokuba kunjani ukusebenza kokucoca, kukho iingxaki zokwenyani ezaneleyo ngesi sihluzo ekulula ukuba sicebise enye yeendlela zethu zokucoca amanzi phambi kokucebisa iBig Berkey. Okokuqala, inkqubo yeBerkey ibiza kakhulu ukuyithenga kunye nokuyigcina kunaso nasiphi na isihluzi esisicebisayo. Ngokungafaniyo nezihluzi esizicebisayo, iBerkey inkulu kwaye inomtsalane. Yenzelwe ukuba ibekwe phezu kwetafile. Kodwa kuba iyi-intshi ezili-19 ubude, ayizukulingana phantsi kweekhabhathi ezininzi zodonga, ezifakelwe i-intshi ezili-18 ngaphezulu kwe-countertop. IBerkey nayo inde kakhulu ukuba ingalingana nohlengahlengiso lwefriji. Ngale ndlela, akunakwenzeka ukuba ugcine amanzi eBerkey ebanda (ekulula ukuyenza ngokukhetha kukamatiloshe ngesihluzo). I-New Millennium Concepts inikezela ngesibiyeli se-intshi ezi-5 ukwenza kube lula ukufaka iglasi phantsi kombhobho omkhulu weBerkey, kodwa ezi brackets zibiza ngaphezulu kwaye zongeza ubude kwiyunithi esele inde.
Umbhali weWirecutter owayekhe waba neBig Berkey wabhala oku ngamava akhe: “Ngaphandle kwesibakala sokuba esi sixhobo sikhulu ngendlela ehlekisayo, itanki engaphezulu inokugcwala ngokulula ukuba uyalibala ukukhupha itanki engezantsi. inzima kancinci kwaye inkulu kwaye iqala ukuhluza ngoko nangoko. Ngoko ke kuya kufuneka uyiphakamise ukuze wenze indawo yesihluzo sekhabhoni (eside kwaye sincinci) kwaye usibeke kwisinki esezantsi phambi kokuba iqalise ukuvuza emgangathweni okanye kwikhawuntara. “
Omnye umhleli weWirecutter wayeneBig Berkey (enesihluzo seceramic esithathelwa indawo yenkampani) kodwa wayeka ngokukhawuleza ukuyisebenzisa. “Esi yayisisipho esivela kwiqabane lam kuba ndibone enye kwindlu yomhlobo wam ndaza ndacinga ukuba amanzi aphumayo anencasa ngokwenene,” utshilo. Ukuhlala nomnye yayingumcimbi owahluke ngokupheleleyo. Indawo ye-countertop, zombini ngokuthe tye nathe nkqo, yayinkulu kwaye ingenangxaki. Yaye isinki yasekhitshini esasihlala kuyo yayincinane kangangokuba kwakungumsebenzi onzima ukuyicoca.”
Sikwabona abanini abaninzi bekhalaza malunga nokukhula kwe-algae kunye neebhaktheriya kwaye, rhoqo, i-mucus kwiiBerkies zabo ezinkulu. IMillenium Concepts entsha iyayibona le ngxaki kwaye icebisa ukongeza iBerkey Biofilm Drops kumanzi acocekileyo. Lo ngumba onzulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba abathengisi abaninzi baseBerkey banikezele iphepha elipheleleyo kuwo.
Abathengisi abaninzi bayavuma ukuba ukukhula kwebhaktheriya kunokuba yingxaki, kodwa bahlala bebanga ukuba iya kubonakala emva kweminyaka embalwa yokusetyenziswa, kodwa oku akunjalo ngabahleli bethu. “Yaqala kwisithuba esingaphantsi konyaka,” utshilo. Amanzi anencasa emdaka, yaye amagumbi aphezulu nasezantsi aqalisa ukunuka ivumba elibi. Ndiyicoca ngokucokisekileyo, ndihlambulule izihluzi kwaye ndizisuse ukuze ndifike kulo lonke uqhagamshelo oluncinci, kwaye ndiqinisekise ukuhlamba ngaphakathi kwitephu. Malunga neentsuku ezimbini okanye ezintathu. Emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa ivumba lamanzi liye laqheleka laza laphinda langunda kwakhona. Ndagqiba kwelokuba ndiyeke uBirki kwaye ndaziva ndibuhlungu.”
Ukususa ngokupheleleyo i-algae kunye ne-bacterial slime kwisihluzo se-Black Berkey, coca umphezulu nge-Scotch-Brite, yenza okufanayo kwi-reservoirs ephezulu nasezantsi, kwaye ekugqibeleni usebenzise isisombululo se-bleach ngokusebenzisa isihluzo. Ifuna ulondolozo oluninzi lwento eyenzelwe ukwenza abantu bazive bekhuselekile ngamanzi abo.
Ukuba unenkathalo malunga nokulungiswa kweentlekele kwaye ufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba unamanzi acocekileyo akhoyo ngexesha likaxakeka, sincoma ukusebenzisa iimveliso zokugcina amanzi kwiSikhokelo sethu sokuLungiselela iNgxamiseko. Ukuba ufuna nje isihluzo samanzi sempompo esilungileyo, sicebisa ukuba ujonge isihluzi esiqinisekisiweyo se-NSF/ANSI, njengezikhokelo zethu kwiiPitchers zaManzi eziBalaseleyo kunye neZihluzo zaManzi eziGqwesileyo.
Uninzi lwezihluzi zegravity zisebenzisa izinto ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ukususa ungcoliseko emanzini. I-carbon adsorbs esebenzayo okanye i-chemically idibanisa i-organic compounds, kuquka i-fuel kunye ne-petroleum-based solvents, ezininzi izibulala-zinambuzane kunye namachiza amaninzi. Iireyini zokutshintshiselana nge-ion zisusa iintsimbi ezininzi ezinyityilisiweyo emanzini, endaweni yesinyithi esinzima esinetyhefu (efana nelothe, imekyuri kunye necadmium) ngezikhaphukhaphu, ubukhulu becala iintsimbi ezinzima ezingenabungozi (ezifana nesodium, eyona nxalenye yetyuwa yetafile).
Ukukhethwa kwethu kweefilitha ze-pitcher (ukusuka e-Brita) kunye nezihluzo ezingaphantsi kwe-sink (ukusuka kwi-3M Filtrete) ziyilwe ngolu hlobo. Iingqikelelo eziNtsha zeMillennium azichazi ukuba isihluzi seBlack Berkey senziwe ngantoni, kodwa abathengisi abaninzi bayaluncoma uyilo lwaso, kubandakanya iTheBerkey.com: “Isixhobo sethu sokucoca iBlack Berkey senziwe ngokudityaniswa kobunini bemithombo yeendaba engaphezu kwesithandathu. Ifomula ineendidi ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya iqokobhe lekhokhonathi ekumgangatho ophezulu, zonke ezifakwe kwimatrix exineneyo equlethe izigidi zemikroskopu. Xa sasika kwipere yezihluzo eziMnyama zeBerkey, zenziwe ngee-ion ezifakiweyo ezineebhloko zekhabhoni ezisebenzayo ezitshintshisa ngeresin. UJamie Young uyaqinisekisa le ngqalelo.
U-Tim Heffernan ngumbhali ophezulu osebenza kumgangatho womoya kunye namanzi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla asekhaya. Umntu owayesakuba negalelo kwi-Atlantic, i-Popular Mechanics kunye nezinye iimagazini zelizwe, wajoyina i-Wirecutter ngo-2015. Uneebhayisikili ezintathu kunye neegiya zero.
Ezi zihluzi zamanzi, iingqayi kunye ne-dispensers ziqinisekisiwe ukuba zisuse ukungcola kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wamanzi okusela kwikhaya lakho.
Emva kokuvavanya imithombo yamanzi yezilwanyana zasekhaya ezili-13 (kunye nokuguqula enye ibe yinto yokudlala yokuhlafuna), sifumene iNtyantyambo yeNtyatyambo yeKati yeyona ilungileyo kwiikati ezininzi (kunye nezinja ezithile).
I-Wirecutter yinkonzo yengcebiso yemveliso yeNew York Times. Iintatheli zethu zidibanisa uphando oluzimeleyo kunye (ngamanye amaxesha) uvavanyo olungqongqo ukukunceda wenze isigqibo sokuthenga ngokukhawuleza nangokuzithemba. Nokuba ufuna iimveliso ezisemgangathweni okanye ufuna iingcebiso eziluncedo, siza kukunceda ufumane iimpendulo ezichanekileyo (okokuqala).