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Inqaku lomhleli: Uvavanyo luyaqhubeka! Okwangoku sivavanya iimodeli ezintsha ezi-4. Hlala ubukele ukhetho lwethu lophononongo olutsha lweendlela zokuzivocavoca.
Amanzi empompi aqhelekileyo anokuba nezinto ezingcolisayo ezivela kwiikhemikhali ezisetyenziswa kwimibhobho nakwiinkqubo zokucoca zikamasipala. Ukuba usapho lwakho lufuna ukufikelela lula kumanzi empompi ahluziweyo ukuze lusele kwaye lupheke yonke imihla, inkqubo yokucoca amanzi angaphantsi kwesinki sisisombululo esilula.
Izihluzo zamanzi ezikwi-countertop zinokuba luncedo, kodwa zinokuba nzima kakhulu kwaye zithathe indawo exabisekileyo kwi-counter. Iimodeli ezikwi-Undercounter zifihla indlela esebenza ngayo ngelixa zibonelela ngamanzi ahluziweyo kwisinki yasekhitshini. Izihluzo zamanzi ezikwi-undersink ezilungileyo zinee-layers ezininzi zokucoca, okwenza kube lula ukufumana amanzi acocekileyo empompo.
Emva kokuvavanya iinkalo ezibalulekileyo zokuhluzwa kwamanzi angaphantsi kwesinki (ubungakanani bezinto ezingcolisayo ezisusiweyo, ubungakanani bomzimba benkqubo, kunye nenani lezigaba zokuhluza), olu luhlu lungentla lubonisa uhlobo lophando olunzulu esilwenzileyo ukumisela iimveliso ezifanelekileyo kakhulu kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zokuhluza, iindidi zamaxabiso kunye namanqanaba okuhluza.
Siqinisekisa ukuba sinikezela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokucoca amanzi phantsi kwesinki ezinokuhluza amanzi kamasipala, amanzi acocekileyo, kunye namanzi ane-alkaline ukususa izinto ezingcolileyo ezingaphezu kwe-1,000, kuquka i-chlorine, iintsimbi ezinzima, kunye neebhaktheriya. Ezinye zezi zihluzo zamanzi phantsi kwesinki ziza nempompo yekhawuntara, nto leyo ephelisa isidingo sokuzithenga ngokwahlukeneyo (kwaye zinokubiza kakhulu). Ezinye iinkqubo zokucoca izinki zikwanoyilo lokonga amanzi kunye neempompo ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ezonyusa uxinzelelo lwamanzi, kunye nezihluzo ezinokutshintshwa.
Izihluzo zamanzi eziphantsi kwesinki ezilungileyo ziya kubonelela ngokucoca okusebenzayo, zibonelele ngamanzi acocekileyo amaninzi, kwaye kube lula ukuzifaka. Ukuba ufuna ukwandisa ukulula kokucoca amanzi esinkini sakho sasekhitshini, ezi nkqubo zilandelayo zokucoca amanzi phantsi kwesinki ziquka ezi mpawu kunye nokunye.
Yitsho konke: Le nkqubo ye-reverse osmosis (RO) evela kwi-iSpring inokususa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-99% yezinto ezingaphezulu kwe-1,000 ezingcolisayo emanzini epompo, kuquka i-lead, i-arsenic, i-chlorine, i-fluoride, kunye ne-asbestos. Ukucoca kwayo okumangalisayo okunezigaba ezintandathu kubandakanya izihluzi zamanzi ze-sediment kunye ne-carbon ezisusa iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto ezingcolisayo kwaye zikhusele i-reverse osmosis membrane kwiikhemikhali ezifana ne-chlorine kunye ne-chloramines.
Isihluzo senkqubo ye-reverse osmosis sisusa ungcoliseko oluncinci njenge-0.0001 microns, ngoko ke iimolekyuli zamanzi kuphela ezinokudlula kuso. Isihluzo se-alkaline remineral sibuyisela iiminerali eziluncedo ezilahlekileyo ngexesha lenkqubo yokucoca, kwaye inyathelo lokugqibela lokucoca linika amanzi i-polish yokugqibela ngaphambi kokuba adluliselwe kwi-bronze faucet ebandakanyiweyo ngoyilo lwe-nickel olucolekileyo.
Ipompo yombane yonyusa uxinzelelo lwamanzi, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa ubuninzi benkunkuma kwinkqubo yokucoca: umlinganiselo yi-1.5 yeegaloni zamanzi ahluziweyo ukuya kwi-1 yegaloni yamanzi alahlekileyo. Izihluzi zamanzi kufuneka zitshintshwe rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezi-6 ukuya kunyaka. Abasebenzisi banokugqiba ukufakela ngoncedo lwezifundo ezibhaliweyo zenkampani kunye nevidiyo. Inkxaso yefowuni iyafumaneka kwabo bahlangabezana nazo naziphi na iingxaki okanye abanemibuzo engagutyungelwanga kwincwadana yemiyalelo enikiweyo.
Ngoluhlu lwezinto ezifakelwayo ezilula ukuzifaka kunye nohlaziyo olufana nezihluzi ze-UV, i-alkaline kunye ne-deionization, le nkqubo ye-filtration reverse osmosis enamanqanaba amahlanu sisisombululo esihle phantse kuyo nayiphi na indlu esebenzisa amanzi esixeko.
Kule nkqubo, amanzi aqala adlule kwi-sediment aze adlule kwiifilitha ezimbini zekhabhoni ngaphambi kokuba afikelele kwi-reverse osmosis membrane, esusa nezona zinto zincinci zingcolisayo. Inqanaba lokugqibela lisebenzisa isihluzo sekhabhoni sesithathu ukususa naziphi na iityhefu eziseleyo.
Le nkqubo ingabizi kakhulu iza nezihluzo zamanzi ezine ezitshintshayo ekufuneka zitshintshwe kabini ngonyaka. Enye ingxaki yale nkqubo kukuba akukho mpompo, ngoko ke ichitha malunga ne-1 ukuya kwi-3 yeegaloni zamanzi.
Ukuhluza amanzi akudingi xesha lininzi, kwaye ukufaka inkqubo yokucoca amanzi akudingi xesha libalulekileyo. Enye yezona nkqubo zokucoca amanzi eziphantsi kwesinki ezingabizi kakhulu, le nkqubo yeWaterdrop ithatha imizuzu emi-3 kuphela ukuyifaka, okwenza kube lula ukufumana amanzi acocekileyo empompini.
Le modeli ikwayindlela elungileyo kubathengi abangenandawo yaneleyo yenkqubo enkulu yokucoca amanzi. Le ntambo incinci iqhagamshela ngqo kumgca wamanzi abandayo kwaye ikhupha amanzi ahluziweyo ngekhabhoni kwimpompo ephambili, inciphisa ivumba kunye nezinto ezingcolisayo ezifana nekhlorine, idizithi, umhlwa kunye nezinye izinto ezisindayo. Nangona ingasusi izinto ezingcolisayo ezininzi njengenkqubo ye-reverse osmosis, igcina iiminerali eziluncedo ezifana necalcium, ipotassium kunye nemagnesium.
I-Waterdrop inezixhobo ezilula ukuzifaka kunye nenkqubo yokutshixa ejikajikayo ukuze kube lula ukutshintsha isihluzi esingaphantsi kwesinki. Ukuze kube lula ukuyigcina, isihluzi ngasinye sinobomi obude beenyanga ezingama-24 okanye iigaloni ezili-16,000.
Olunye ukhetho oluhle oluvela kwiWaterdrop kwiikhitshi ezinesithuba esincinci phantsi kwesinki. Le nkqubo ye-osmosis engenatanki inomtsalane ngobukhulu kodwa ayinciphisi iimpawu ezikhethekileyo. Itekhnoloji entsha yenza kube lula ukusebenza ngobuchule. Ipompo yangaphakathi iqinisekisa ukuhamba kwamanzi ngokukhawuleza kunye nenkunkuma encinci ngomlinganiselo we-1:1 wamanzi amdaka ahluziweyo kumanzi amdaka, kwaye isixhobo sokubona ukuvuza siyawavala amanzi ukuba umbhobho uyavuza.
Izihluzi ezintathu ezingaphantsi kwesinki zibonelela ngokucocwa kwamanqanaba amaninzi, kuquka izihluzi zesediment kunye nekhabhoni, i-reverse osmosis membrane kunye nesihluzi se-activated carbon block, esokugqibela sisebenzisa iigranules zekhabhoni ezenziwe ngamaqokobhe endalo ekhokhonathi ukuphucula incasa yamanzi akho. Izalathisi eziluncedo zitshintsha umbala xa kufika ixesha lokutshintsha isihluzi. Ukuze ufumane uncedo lokufakela, sebenzisa incwadi yemiyalelo efakiweyo okanye incwadi yemiyalelo ekwi-intanethi. QAPHELA. Inkqubo kufuneka ihlanjwe imizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa.
Abathengi abanomdla wokudibanisa itephu entsha nesihluzo samanzi esingaphantsi kwesinki kufuneka baqwalasele olu hlobo lwemodeli oluvela kwi-Aquasana. Ifumaneka ngeendlela ezintathu ezisemgangathweni ukuze ilungele iintlobo ngeentlobo zokuhombisa iikhitshi, le nkqubo inezigaba ezimbini zokucoca ezisusa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-99% yezinto ezingama-77 ezahlukeneyo ezingcolisayo, kubandakanya i-lead kunye ne-mercury, kunye ne-97% ye-chlorine kunye ne-chloramines. Izihluzo ezingaphantsi kwesinki zisebenzisa iindawo zeplastiki ezisetyenziswa kanye kwaye zinobuhlobo kakhulu nokusingqongileyo.
Ngenxa yokuba le nkqubo yamanzi engaphantsi kwesinki ayisebenzisi i-reverse osmosis membrane, amanzi awachithwa kwaye inkqubo yokucoca igcina iiminerali eziluncedo. Ubomi bokucoca bumalunga neegaloni ezingama-600 kwaye bunokuhlala ukuya kuthi ga kwiinyanga ezi-6. Abanini banokugqiba ukufakela ngoncedo lwesikhokelo esineenkcukacha.
Nangona amanzi alula anele abantu abaninzi, abanye bakhetha incasa kunye neenzuzo zempilo zokusela amanzi ane-alkaline. Ngenxa yokuba izihluzi zeminerali zongeza i-calcium carbonate ecocekileyo kakhulu emanzini ahluziweyo, abasela amanzi ane-alkaline ngoku banokonwabela esi siselo siphezulu se-pH ngqo ukusuka empompini ngesi sihluzi esivela kwi-Apec Water Systems.
Xa kufikwa ekuhluzweni, iibhloko zekhabhoni ezimbini kunye neemembrane ze-reverse osmosis zisusa i-99% yezinto ezingaphezulu kwe-1,000 ezingcolisayo, kubandakanya i-chlorine, i-fluoride, i-arsenic, i-lead kunye neentsimbi ezinzima. Le nkqubo yokucoca amanzi phantsi kwesinki lukhetho oluthembekileyo oluqinisekiswe yi-Water Quality Association kwaye iqinisekisa imveliso yokucoca amanzi esemgangathweni ophezulu.
Esi sihluzo siza ne-nickel faucet ebhrashiweyo enesitayile. Khumbula ukuba esi sihluzo kufuneka sichaze amanzi amdaka njengoko sinomlinganiselo ophezulu kancinci we-1 (ehluziweyo) ukuya kwi-3 (amanzi amdaka). Iividiyo kunye nemiyalelo ziyafumaneka kwabo bakhetha ukufakelwa i-DIY.
Nangona amanzi emithombo enganyangwa ngeekhemikhali ezifana ne-chlorine, asenokuba nezinto ezingcolisayo ezifana nesanti, umhlwa kunye neentsimbi ezinzima. Atyebile kwi-iron kwaye ngamanye amaxesha aneebhaktheriya eziyingozi. Ke ngoko, amakhaya anamanzi emithombo adinga inkqubo yokucoca enokukhusela kwezi zinto zingcolisayo kunye neetyhefu.
Inkqubo yamanzi angaphantsi kwesinki ebhalisiweyo ye-EPA ye-Home Master isebenzisa ukuya kuthi ga kwizigaba ezisixhenxe zokucoca, kuquka i-iron pre-filter kunye ne-ultraviolet (UV) sterilizer, ukususa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-99% ye-iron, i-hydrogen sulfide, ii-heavy metals kunye namawaka ee-contaminants. . ezinye izinto ezingcolisayo. Inkqubo yokubuyisela iiminerali yongeza iiminerali eziluncedo, kubandakanya inani elincinci le-calcium kunye ne-magnesium.
Esi sihluzo sinokubamba ukuya kuthi ga kwiilitha ezingama-2,000 zamanzi, nto leyo elingana nonyaka omnye wokusetyenziswa kwamanzi okuqhelekileyo. Le khithi ibandakanya ukufakelwa kwe-DIY kunye nencwadana yemiyalelo eneenkcukacha.
Ingxaki ngezihluzo ezininzi zamanzi ezingaphantsi kwesinki kukuba ukufaka itephu entsha kufuna ukugqobhoza umngxuma owongezelelweyo kwikhawuntara. Ukufikelela kunokuba nzima kwaye abantu abaninzi abakuthandi ukuba neempompo ezahlukeneyo. Le mveliso yeCuZn ibiyindlela eqinisekisiweyo kangangeminyaka engaphezu kwama-20. Ifakwa ngokukhawuleza nangokulula kwinkqubo yamanzi abandayo ekhoyo kwaye ithatha indawo encinci phantsi kwesinki.
Ukucoca ngeendlela ezintathu kusebenzisa ii-microsedimentation membranes, i-coconut shell activated carbon kunye ne-KDF-55 filter media ekhethekileyo eyenzelwe ukulwa ne-chlorine kunye neentsimbi ezinzima ezinyibilikayo emanzini. Zidibene zinciphisa ngempumelelo ungcoliseko lwezinto eziphilayo nezingaphiliyo, kwaye umjikelo wokutshintshwa kwesihluzo unokuhlala ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka emi-5.
Ngelishwa, olu hlobo lwesihluzo alusebenzi ekususeni izinto ezinyibilikisiweyo ngokupheleleyo (i-TDS) kwaye akufuneki lusetyenziswe ekuhluzeni amanzi emithombo.
Iimpompo zegumbi lokuhlambela zihlala zinezinga eliphantsi lokuhamba kwamanzi kuneempompo zasekhitshini, kwaye izihluzi zamanzi ezinamanqanaba amaninzi zinokuthintela ukuhamba kwamanzi. Iimpompo ezininzi zegumbi lokuhlambela nazo zinendawo encinci yokusebenzisa amanzi kuneempompo ezingaphantsi kwesinki ekhitshini. I-Frizzlife Under Sink Water Filter inikezela ngesisombululo kuzo zombini ezi ngxaki.
Izinga lokuhamba kwamanzi liziigaloni ezi-2 ngomzuzu (GPM), nto leyo elingana nokuzalisa ikomityi ye-ounce eyi-11 eqhelekileyo kwimizuzwana emi-3 kuphela. Iyunithi enye yesihluzo inokufakelwa ngokukhawuleza kwimigca yamanzi abandayo ekhoyo, nto leyo ephelisa isidingo seetanki ezinkulu okanye iimpompo. Amanqanaba amabini ekhabhoni ye-0.5 micron ahlangabezana nemigangatho yeNational Sanitation Foundation yokususa ngokukhuselekileyo i-fluoride, i-lead kunye ne-arsenic emanzini ngelixa ivumela iiminerali eziluncedo ukuba zidlule. Yifiltha kuphela ekufuneka itshintshwe, isilinda yangaphandle ayidingi kutshintshwe, nto leyo enciphisa iindleko.
Njengezinye izihluzi zekhabhoni, iFrizzlife ayikhuthazwa ukuba isetyenziswe namanzi omthombo. Kufuneka kukhethwe inkqubo ye-RO.
Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuhluza amanzi. Inkqubo yokuhluza esemgangathweni phantsi kwesinki iya kuhambelana nendawo yakho, umthamo kunye neemfuno zokufakela ngelixa ibonelela ngokufikelela lula kumanzi acocekileyo. Ezinye izinto ekufuneka uziqwalasele xa uthenga ziquka uhlobo kunye nenqanaba lokuhluza, ukuhamba kwamanzi kunye noxinzelelo, ukususwa kwevumba, kunye namanzi amdaka.
Iindlela zokucoca amanzi angaphantsi kwesinki ziqala kwizincamathiselo ezilula ukuya kwiilayini zamanzi abandayo ezikhoyo kunye neefaucet ukuya kwiinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo ezinamanqanaba amaninzi. Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo ziquka i-reverse osmosis, i-ultrafiltration (UF), kunye nezihluzo zamanzi ekhabhoni. Iinkqubo ze-RO reverse osmosis zisusa ungcoliseko kumthombo wamanzi wakho kwaye zihambisa amanzi ahluziweyo ngefaucet eyahlukileyo. Iinkqubo ze-reverse osmosis zisebenza ngokutyhala amanzi kwi-membrane enemingxuma emincinci kakhulu enokuthi idlule kwiimolekyuli zamanzi kuphela, isuse iityhefu ezingaphezu kwe-1,000 ezifana ne-chlorine, i-fluoride, iisinyithi ezinzima, kunye neebhaktheriya kunye nee-pesticides.
Iinkqubo ze-reverse osmosis ezisebenzayo kakhulu zinezigaba ezininzi zokucoca, kuquka nezihluzi zekhabhoni, ngoko ke zinokuthatha indawo enkulu yekhabhinethi kwaye zifuna ukufakelwa okunzima kwe-DIY.
I-Ultrafiltration isebenzisa ii-membrane zefayibha ezingenanto ukuthintela inkunkuma kunye nongcoliseko ukuba lungangeni emanzini. Nangona ingasusi iityhefu ezininzi njengenkqubo ye-reverse osmosis, inokugcina iiminerali eziluncedo ezisusiweyo kwinkqubo yokucoca amanzi apho iimolekyuli zamanzi kuphela zinokudlula khona.
Kulula nokuyifaka kuba idla ngokuba yongezwa kwi-faucet ekhoyo. Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni iqhagamshelwe kwi-faucet ephambili, ubomi besihluzo bunokuba bufutshane kunenkqubo enesixokelelwano esahlukileyo.
Izihluzo zekhabhoni zezona ndlela zilula zokucoca, kodwa zisasebenza kakhulu. Zisetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwiitanki zamanzi ezilula ukuya kwiinkqubo zanamhlanje ezinamanqanaba amaninzi. Ikhabhoni esebenzayo ibopha ngezinto ezingcolisayo kwaye izisuse njengoko amanzi edlula kwisihluzo.
Ukusebenza kakuhle kwezihluzo zekhabhoni nganye kuya kwahluka, ngoko ke qaphela inqanaba lokucoca elichazwe kwimveliso, kuquka nezinto ezingcolisayo ezisusayo. Inkqubo ye-osmosis ebuyela umva edityaniswe nesihluzo sekhabhoni idla ngokuba yeyona nkqubo ilungileyo yokucoca amanzi angaphantsi kwesinki yokususa iityhefu emanzini empompini.
Ubungakanani kunye nohlobo lokuhluzwa kwamanzi olufunayo luxhomekeke kubungakanani bamanzi ahluziweyo oluwadingayo intsapho yakho yonke imihla. Kubantu abahlala bodwa, ijagi okanye into elula phantsi kwesinki iya kwanela. Kumakhaya amakhulu asebenzisa rhoqo amanzi amaninzi okusela okanye okupheka ahluziweyo, inkqubo ye-reverse osmosis inokucoca ngokulula iilitha ezingama-50 ukuya kuma-75 zamanzi ngosuku.
Nangona izihluzi ezinkulu ezinomthamo kufuneka zingatshintshwa rhoqo, zithatha indawo engaphezulu phantsi kwesinki, ingakumbi iinkqubo ze-reverse osmosis ezinee-reservoirs. Eli linqaku elibalulekileyo ukuba unendawo encinci yekhabhathi.
Ukuhamba kwamanzi kulinganisa ukuba amanzi aphuma ngokukhawuleza kangakanani kwimpompo. Oku kuya kuchaphazela ukuba kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuzalisa iglasi okanye imbiza yokupheka. Okukhona amanqanaba okuhluza esanda, kokukhona amanzi ephuma kancinci kwimpompo, ngoko ke iinkampani zisebenza kule ndawo ngokubonelela ngokuhamba kwamanzi ngokukhawuleza njengendawo yokuthengisa. Iinkqubo ze-RO zinevalvu ezahlukeneyo; nangona kunjalo, ukuba izihluzi ezingaphantsi kwesinki zisebenzisa impompo ephambili, abasebenzisi banokubona ukwehla okuncinci kokuhamba kwamanzi.
Amanani okuhamba kwamanzi abalwa ngeegaloni ngomzuzu kwaye aqhele ukuba phakathi kweegaloni eziyi-0.8 ukuya kwezi-2 ngomzuzu kuxhomekeke kwimveliso. Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi akuxhomekanga kuphela kwimveliso, kodwa nakuxinzelelo lwamanzi asetyenziswa ekhaya kunye nenani labasebenzisi.
Ukuhamba kwamanzi kubonakaliswa sisantya, kwaye uxinzelelo lwamanzi lumiselwa ngamandla. Uxinzelelo lwamanzi oluphantsi kakhulu luya kuthintela ukuhluzwa okuqhelekileyo kwisihluzo se-RO esingaphantsi kwesinki njengoko inkqubo isebenzisa uxinzelelo ukunyanzela iimolekyuli zamanzi ukuba zidlule kwi-membrane. Uxinzelelo lwamanzi asekhaya lulinganiswa ngeepawundi nge-intshi yesikwere (psi).
Iifilitha ezininzi ezinkulu ezingaphantsi kwesinki zifuna ubuncinane i-40 ukuya kwi-45 psi yoxinzelelo ukuze zisebenze kakuhle. Kwizindlu eziqhelekileyo, uxinzelelo oluphezulu ludla ngokuba yi-60 psi. Uxinzelelo lwamanzi luchaphazeleka bubungakanani bendlu kunye nenani labasebenzisi ekhaya.
Phantse isiqingatha sabantu baseMelika abasela amanzi kamasipala bakhalaza ngevumba elibi emanzini abo empompini, ngokutsho kophando lwakutshanje lweConsumer Reports. Nangona ivumba lingasoloko lithetha ukuba kukho ingxaki, linokwenza ukuthambisa kungathandeki.
I-chlorine, ikhemikhali esetyenziswa kwizityalo zonyango lwamanzi ukususa iintsholongwane, iintsholongwane kunye neentsholongwane emanzini, yenye yezona ndawo zixhaphakileyo zokuvumba. Ngethamsanqa, uninzi lwezihluzo zamanzi ezingaphantsi kwesinki okanye ezifakwe kwipitcher zinokunceda ukunciphisa ivumba nokuphucula incasa. Okukhona inqanaba lokuhluza liphezulu, kokukhona inkqubo isusa ukungcola kunye nevumba eliphumayo ngempumelelo.
Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, izihluzi ezininzi ze-RO ezingaphantsi kwesinki zinempompo eyahlukileyo. Iisinki ezininzi ezakhelwe ngaphakathi zinemingxuma eyenziwe kwangaphambili (eminye inokufuna ukugrunjwa) ukuze ifake enye impompo.
Nangona kunjalo, abanye bafuna ukugqobhoza umngxuma omtsha, nto leyo enokuba yingxaki kwabanye. Abathengi banokujonga nendlela esetyenziswa ngayo i-faucet ukuqinisekisa ukuba iyahambelana nobuhle bayo. Uninzi luneprofayili yobhedu ebhityileyo kunye ne-nickel ebhrashiweyo okanye i-chrome. Abanye abavelisi banikezela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokugqiba.
Ukufakela inkqubo yokucoca amanzi kunokusukela kwiiprojekthi ezilula ze-DIY ezithatha imizuzu embalwa ukuya kwimisebenzi eneenkcukacha ezingakumbi enokufuna uncedo lobuchwephesha, kuxhomekeke kwisakhono somntu. Abo basebenzisa ipompo ephambili njengomthombo wabo wamanzi baya kufuna ixesha elincinci kunye nomgudu wokufakela, okudla ngokufuna ukuqhagamshela isihluzo kumgca wamanzi abandayo.