Besisenza uphando oluzimeleyo kunye novavanyo lweemveliso kangangeminyaka engaphezu kwe-120. Ukuba uthenga ngeekhonkco zethu, sinokufumana ikhomishini. Funda ngakumbi malunga nenkqubo yethu yokuphonononga.
Ukuba uxhomekeke emanzini empompini ukuze ufumane amanzi aneleyo imihla ngemihla, kusenokwenzeka ukuba lixesha lokufaka isihluzo samanzi ekhitshini lakho. Izihluzo zamanzi zenzelwe ukucoca amanzi ngokususa izinto ezingcolisayo ezifana ne-chlorine, i-lead kunye nezibulali-zinambuzane, kwaye izinga lokususwa kwazo liyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubunzima besihluzo. Zinokuphucula incasa yamanzi kwaye, kwezinye iimeko, ukucaca kwawo.
Ukuze bafumane isihluzo samanzi esifanelekileyo, iingcali kwiGood Housekeeping Institute zivavanye zaza zahlalutya ngokupheleleyo izihluzo zamanzi ezingaphezu kwama-30. Izihluzo zamanzi esizihlolayo apha ziquka izihluzo zamanzi zendlu yonke, izihluzo zamanzi eziphantsi kwesinki, iimbiza zezihluzo zamanzi, iibhotile zezihluzo zamanzi, kunye nezihluzo zamanzi eshawa.
Ekupheleni kwesi sikhokelo, ungafunda okungakumbi malunga nendlela esivavanya ngayo izihluzi zamanzi kwilebhu yethu, kunye nayo yonke into ekufuneka uyazi malunga nokuthenga isihluzi samanzi esilungileyo. Ngaba ufuna ukwandisa ukungenisa kwakho amanzi ngelixa useluhambeni? Jonga isikhokelo sethu seebhotile zamanzi ezilungileyo.
Vula nje impompo uze ufumane amanzi ahluziweyo ukuya kuthi ga kwiinyanga ezintandathu. Le nkqubo yokucoca amanzi phantsi kwesinki isusa i-chlorine, iintsimbi ezinzima, ii-cysts, ii-herbicides, izibulali-zinambuzane, ii-volatious organic compounds nezinye izinto. Le mveliso ikwasetyenziswa ekhayeni likaGqr. Birnur Aral, owayesakuba ngumlawuli we-GH Research Institute's Beauty, Health and Sustainability Laboratory.
“Ndisebenzisa amanzi acocekileyo phantse kuyo yonke into ukusuka ekuphekeni ukuya kwikofu, ngoko ke isihluzo samanzi esikwikhawuntara asizukusebenza kum,” utshilo. “Oku kuthetha ukuba akukho mfuneko yokugcwalisa kwakhona iibhotile zamanzi okanye izikhongozeli.” Inesantya esiphezulu sokuhamba kwamanzi kodwa ifuna ukufakwa.
Esinye sezihluzo zethu zamanzi eziphambili, isihluzo seBrita Longlast+ sisusa izinto ezingaphezu kwama-30 ezingcolisayo ezifana ne-chlorine, iintsimbi ezinzima, izinto ezibangela umhlaza, izinto eziphazamisa ukusebenza kwe-endocrine, nezinye izinto. Siyayixabisa indlela esihluza ngayo ngokukhawuleza, ethatha imizuzwana engama-38 kuphela ngekomityi nganye. Xa ithelekiswa neyangaphambili, ihlala iinyanga ezintandathu endaweni yezimbini kwaye ayishiyi mabala amnyama ekhabhoni emanzini.
URachel Rothman, owayesakuba ligosa eliyintloko lezobuchwepheshe kunye nomlawuli wezobugcisa kwi-GH Research Institute, usebenzisa le pitcher kusapho lwakhe olunamalungu amahlanu. Uyayithanda incasa yamanzi kunye nenyaniso yokuba akufuneki atshintshe isihluzo rhoqo. Ingxaki encinci kukuba kufuneka ukuhlamba izandla.
Eyaziwa ngokungesesikweni njenge "shawa head ye-intanethi," uJolie ngokungathandabuzekiyo ube ngomnye wee-shawa head ezidumileyo kwihlabathi liphela, ingakumbi ngenxa yoyilo lwayo oluhle. Uvavanyo lwethu olubanzi lwasekhaya luqinisekisile ukuba iyahambelana nesakhono. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye izihluzi zeshawa esizivavanyeyo, iJolie Filter Showerhead inoyilo olunento enye olufuna umgudu omncinci ukuyifaka. UJacqueline Saguin, owayesakuba ngumhleli omkhulu weshishini kwi-GH, uthe kumthathe malunga nemizuzu eli-15 ukuyiseta.
Sifumanise ukuba inamandla amahle okucoca i-chlorine. Izihluzo zayo zinomxube we-KDF-55 kunye ne-calcium sulfate, nto leyo olu phawu luthi ingcono kunezihluzo zekhabhoni eziqhelekileyo zokubamba ukungcola emanzini ashushu nanoxinzelelo oluphezulu. Emva konyaka esetyenziswa, uSachin waphawula "ukwakheka okuncinci kwesikali kufutshane nomsele webhafu," wongeza ngelithi "amanzi athambile ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa luxinzelelo."
Khumbula ukuba intloko yeshawa ngokwayo ibiza kakhulu, njengoko kunjalo nangexabiso lokutshintsha isihluzi.
Le mbiza encinci kodwa enamandla yesihluzo samanzi seglasi inobunzima obuziikhilogram ezi-6 kuphela xa igcwele. Ilula kwaye kulula ukuyibamba nokuyigalela kwiimvavanyo zethu. Ikwafumaneka ngeplastiki, nto leyo ephucula incasa kunye nokucaca kwamanzi. Qaphela ukuba kuya kufuneka uyizalise rhoqo kuba igcina iikomityi ezi-2.5 zamanzi empompini kwaye sifumanise ukuba iyacotha kakhulu.
Ukongeza, le jug isebenzisa iintlobo ezimbini zezihluzo: isihluzo se-micro membrane kunye nesihluzo se-carbon esisebenzayo esine-ion exchanger. Uphononongo lwethu lwedatha yovavanyo lwelebhu yomntu wesithathu luqinisekisa ukuba isusa izinto ezingaphezulu kwama-30 ezingcolisayo, kubandakanya i-chlorine, ii-microplastics, i-sediment, ii-heavy metals, ii-VOC, iziphazamisi ze-endocrine, izibulali-zinambuzane, amayeza, i-E. coli, kunye nee-cysts.
IBrita luphawu oluhlala luqhuba kakuhle kwiimvavanyo zethu zelebhu. Omnye umvavanyi uthe bayayithanda le bhotile yokuhamba kuba banokuyizalisa naphi na kwaye bayazi ukuba amanzi abo anencasa entsha. Ibhotile iza ngentsimbi engatyiwayo okanye ngeplastiki—abavavanyi bafumanise ukuba ibhotile yentsimbi engatyiwayo eneendonga ezimbini igcina amanzi epholile kwaye ehlaziyekile imini yonke.
Ikwafumaneka ngobukhulu obuzii-ounces ezingama-26 (ifanele uninzi lwezibambi zeekomityi) okanye ubukhulu obuzii-ounces ezingama-36 (nto leyo iluncedo ukuba uhamba imigama emide okanye awukwazi ukugcwalisa amanzi rhoqo). Iluphu yokuthwala eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ikwenza kube lula ukuyiphatha. Abanye abasebenzisi baqaphele ukuba uyilo lwengca yenza kube nzima ukusela kuyo.
IBrita Hub iphumelele iMbasa yeGH Kitchenware emva kokuchukumisa abagwebi bethu ngesitshizi sayo samanzi esikhupha amanzi ngesandla okanye ngokuzenzekelayo. Umenzi uthi isihluzo sinokutshintshwa emva kweenyanga ezintandathu. Nangona kunjalo, uNicole Papantoniou, umlawuli weKitchen Appliances and Innovation Laboratory kwiGH Research Institute, kufuneka asitshintshe isihluzo rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezisixhenxe.
“Inomthamo omkhulu ngoko akuyi kufuneka uyizalise rhoqo. Ndiyayithanda into yokugalela ngokuzenzekelayo kuba ndingayishiya igcwele,” utshilo uPapantoniou. Ziziphi iintsilelo eziphawulwa ziingcali zethu? Kwakamsinya nje xa isibonisi esibomvu sokutshintsha i-element yesihluzo sikhanya, siyayeka ukusebenza. Qiniseka nje ukuba unezihluzo ezongezelelweyo ezikhoyo.
I-Larq PurVis Pitcher inokucoca izinto ezingaphezu kwama-45 ezingcolisayo ezifana nee-microplastics, ii-heavy metals, ii-VOCs, ii-endocrine disruptors, i-PFOA kunye ne-PFOS, amayeza kunye nokunye. Le nkampani ikwathatha inyathelo eliya phambili ngokusebenzisa ukukhanya kwe-UV ukuvala iintsholongwane ze-E. coli kunye ne-salmonella ezinokuqokelelana kwiimbiza zokucoca amanzi xa zihluza i-chlorine.
Kuvavanyo, sithande ukuba i-app yeLarq kulula ukuyisebenzisa kwaye igcina umkhondo xa kufuneka utshintshe izihluzi, ngoko akukho mfuneko yokuqikelela. Igalela kakuhle, ayichitheki, kwaye ikhuselekile ekuhlanjweni kwezitya zokuhlamba izitya, ngaphandle kwentonga encinci etshajwayo esiyifumene kulula ukuyihlamba ngesandla. Nceda uqaphele: izihluzi zinokuba zibiza kakhulu kunezinye izihluzi.
Xa ishishini liphelile, ungayibeka ngebhongo le mbiza yokucoca amanzi edesikeni yakho ngenkangeleko yayo entle neyanamhlanje. Ayipheleli nje ekubeni ivelele ngoyilo lwayo olukhethekileyo, kodwa iingcali zethu ziyakuthanda nokuba imo yeglasi yeyure yenza kube lula ukuyibamba.
Ihluza i-chlorine kunye neentsimbi ezine ezinzima, kuquka i-cadmium, i-copper, i-mercury kunye ne-zinc, ngokusebenzisa isihluzi sekhowuni esifihliweyo ngobuchule phezulu kwekharafu. Iingcali zethu zifumanise ukuba kulula ukuyifaka, ukuyizalisa nokuyithulula, kodwa ifuna ukuhlanjwa ngezandla.
“Kulula ukuyifaka, ayibizi kakhulu kwaye ivavanyiwe ngokwemigangatho ye-ANSI 42 kunye ne-53, ngoko ke ihluza ngokuthembekileyo uluhlu olubanzi lwezinto ezingcolisayo,” utshilo uDan DiClerico, umlawuli we-GH's Home Improvement and Outdoor Lab. Uyithandile kakhulu indlela eyilwe ngayo kunye nenyaniso yokuba iCulligan luphawu oludumileyo.
Esi sihluzo sikuvumela ukuba utshintshele ngokulula emanzini angacocwanga ukuya emanzini acocwayo ngokutsala nje ivalvu ye-bypass, kwaye akukho zixhobo zifunekayo ukufaka esi sihluzo kwimpompo yakho. Sicoca i-chlorine, i-sediment, i-lead kunye nokunye. Enye ingxaki kukuba senza impompo ibe nkulu ngakumbi.
Kwi-Good Housekeeping Institute, iqela lethu leenjineli, iingcali zamachiza, abahlalutyi beemveliso kunye neengcali zokuphucula ikhaya basebenzisana ukufumanisa eyona filter yamanzi ifanelekileyo ekhayeni lakho. Kwiminyaka edlulileyo, siye savavanya izihluzi zamanzi ezingaphezu kwama-30 kwaye siyaqhubeka nokukhangela iindlela ezintsha ezithengiswayo.
Ukuvavanya izihluzo zamanzi, sijonga ubungakanani bazo, ukuba kulula kangakanani ukuzifaka, kunye (ukuba kuyasebenza) nokuba kulula kangakanani ukuzizalisa. Ukuze sicace, sikwafunda nencwadi yemiyalelo nganye size sijonge ukuba imodeli yepitcher ikhuselekile na kwisitya sokuhlamba izitya. Sivavanya izinto zokusebenza ezifana nokuba iglasi yezihluzo zamanzi ikhawuleza kangakanani kwaye silinganise ukuba ithangi lamanzi empompini linokuthwala amanzi angakanani.
Sikwaqinisekisa amabango okususa amabala ngokusekelwe kwidatha yomntu wesithathu. Xa sitshintsha izihluzi ngokweshedyuli ecetyiswa ngumvelisi, sihlola ubomi besihluzi ngasinye kunye neendleko zokutshintsha izihluzi minyaka le.
✔️ Uhlobo kunye nomthamo: Xa ukhetha iimbiza, iibhotile kunye nezinye izitya zokugcina amanzi ahluziweyo, kufuneka ucinge ngobukhulu kunye nobunzima. Izitya ezinkulu zilungele ukunciphisa ukuphinda zizaliswe, kodwa zihlala zinzima kwaye zinokuthatha indawo engakumbi kwifriji okanye ebhegini yakho. Imodeli yekhawuntara igcina indawo yefriji kwaye idla ngokuba namanzi amaninzi, kodwa ifuna indawo yekhawuntara kwaye isebenzisa amanzi obushushu begumbi.
Ngezihluzo zamanzi eziphantsi kwesinki, izihluzo zetephu, izihluzo zeshawa kunye nezihluzo zendlu yonke, akukho mfuneko yokukhathazeka ngobukhulu okanye umthamo kuba zihluza amanzi kwangoko nje ukuba aphume.
✔️Uhlobo lokuhluza: Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba izihluzo ezininzi ziqulathe iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuhluza ukususa izinto ezahlukeneyo ezingcolisayo. Ezinye iimodeli zinokwahluka kakhulu kwizinto ezingcolisayo abazisusayo, ngoko ke licebo elihle ukujonga ukuba zeziphi izihluzo zemodeli ukuqinisekisa ukuba ziyahambelana neemfuno zakho. Eyona ndlela ithembekileyo yokufumanisa oku kukujonga ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwe-NSF isihluzo esiqinisekisiweyo ngalo. Umzekelo, eminye imigangatho igubungela i-lead kuphela, efana ne-NSF 372, ngelixa eminye igubungela neetyhefu zezolimo nezemizi-mveliso, ezifana ne-NSF 401. Ukongeza, nazi iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuhluza amanzi:
✔️ Ukuphindaphinda Kokutshintshwa Kwesihluzo: Jonga ukuba kufuneka usitshintshe kangaphi isihluzo. Ukuba uyoyika ukutshintsha isihluzo okanye ulibele ukusitshintsha, unokufuna ukukhangela isihluzo esihlala ixesha elide. Ukongeza, ukuba uthenga izihluzo zeshawa, i-pitcher, kunye ne-sink, kuya kufuneka ukhumbule ukutshintsha isihluzo ngasinye ngokwahlukeneyo, ngoko ke kunokuba bubulumko ukuqwalasela isihluzo sendlu yonke kuba kuya kufuneka utshintshe isihluzo esinye kuphela sendlu yakho yonke.
Nokuba ukhetha siphi isihluzo samanzi, asizukunceda nganto ukuba awuyitshintshi njengoko kucetyisiwe. “Ukusebenza kakuhle kwesihluzo samanzi kuxhomekeke kumgangatho womthombo wamanzi kunye nokuba usitshintsha kangaphi isihluzo,” utshilo u-Aral. Ezinye iimodeli zixhotyiswe ngesalathisi, kodwa ukuba imodeli ayinaso isalathisi, ukuhamba kancinci okanye umbala owahlukileyo wamanzi luphawu lokuba isihluzo kufuneka sitshintshwe.
✔️ Ixabiso: Cinga ngexabiso lokuqala lesihluzo samanzi kunye nexabiso lokusigcwalisa kwakhona. Isihluzo samanzi sinokubiza kakhulu ekuqaleni, kodwa ixabiso kunye nokuphindaphindwa kokutshintshwa kunokukongela imali ekuhambeni kwexesha. Kodwa oku akusoloko kunjalo, ngoko ke qiniseka ukuba ubala iindleko zokutshintshwa zonyaka ngokusekelwe kwishedyuli yokutshintshwa ecetyiswayo.
Ukufikelela emanzini acocekileyo okusela yingxaki yehlabathi echaphazela uluntu kulo lonke elase-United States. Ukuba awuqinisekanga ngomgangatho wamanzi akho, i-Environmental Working Group (EWG) ihlaziye isiseko sayo sedatha samanzi empompini ngo-2021. Esi siseko sedatha sisimahla, kulula ukusikhangela, kwaye sinolwazi lwawo onke amazwe.
Faka ikhowudi yakho yeposi okanye ukhangele ilizwe lakho ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluneenkcukacha malunga nomgangatho wamanzi akho okusela ngokusekelwe kwimigangatho ye-EWG, engqongqo ngakumbi kunemigangatho yelizwe. Ukuba amanzi akho empompini adlula imigaqo yezempilo ye-EWG, ungathanda ukucinga ngokuthenga isihluzi samanzi.
Ukukhetha amanzi asemabhotileni sisisombululo sexesha elifutshane emanzini okusela anokuba angakhuselekanga, kodwa kudala ingxaki enkulu enemiphumo emibi yexesha elide yongcoliseko. AmaMerika alahla ukuya kuthi ga kwi-30 yezigidi zeetoni zeplastiki minyaka le, apho kuphela i-8% yazo iphinda isetyenziswe. Uninzi lwayo luphelela kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma kuba kukho imithetho emininzi eyahlukeneyo malunga nokuba yintoni enokuphinda isetyenziswe. Eyona nto ingcono kukutyala imali kwisihluzo samanzi kunye nebhotile yamanzi entle, enokusetyenziswa kwakhona—ezinye zide zibe nezihluzo ezakhelwe ngaphakathi.
Eli nqaku libhalwe kwaye lavavanywa nguJamie (Kim) Ueda, umhlalutyi wemveliso yokuhluza amanzi (kunye nomsebenzisi oqhelekileyo!). Ungumbhali ozimeleyo ogxile ekuvavanyweni kwemveliso kunye nokuphononongwa kwayo. Kolu luhlu, uvavanye izihluzi zamanzi ezininzi waza wasebenza neengcali ezivela kwiilebhu ezininzi zeGood Housekeeping Institute: Izixhobo zasekhitshini kunye noBuchule, uPhuculo lwasekhaya, izinto zangaphandle, izixhobo kunye netekhnoloji;
UNicole Papantoniou uthetha ngokulula kokusebenzisa iijagi neebhotile. UGqr. Bill Noor Alar uncedise ekuvavanyeni iimfuno zokususa ungcoliseko oluphantsi kwesisombululo ngasinye sethu. UDan DiClerico kunye noRachel Rothman banike ulwazi malunga nokufakwa kwesihluzo.
UJamie Ueda yingcali kwiimveliso zabathengi enamava angaphezu kweminyaka eli-17 yoyilo lwemveliso kunye nokuvelisa. Ubambe izikhundla zobunkokeli kwiinkampani zemveliso zabathengi eziphakathi kwaye yenye yezona mpawu zidumileyo nezinkulu zempahla emhlabeni. UJamie ubandakanyeka kwiilabhoratri ezininzi ze-GH Institute kuquka izixhobo zasekhitshini, imidiya kunye netekhnoloji, amalaphu kunye nezixhobo zasekhaya. Ngexesha lakhe lokuphumla, uyonwabela ukupheka, ukuhambahamba kunye nokudlala imidlalo.
I-Good Housekeeping ithatha inxaxheba kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokuthengisa ezidibeneyo, oko kuthetha ukuba sinokufumana iikhomishini ezihlawulwayo kwiimveliso ezikhethwe ngumhleli ezithengwe ngeekhonkco zethu kwiindawo zokuthengisa.