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Ukulandela ukuphuculwa kwemveliso kunye notshintsho lwesatifikethi, asisacebisi izihluzi zePur. Sinamathela kwezinye iinketho.
Ukuba ujonge eyona ndlela ilula yokufumana amanzi okusela ahluziweyo ekhaya, sicebisa iBrita Elite Filter edityaniswe neBrita Standard 10-cup pitcher okanye (ukuba ikhaya lakho lisebenzisa amanzi amaninzi) iBrita 27-komityi yepitha. Ukuhambisa amanzi Ultramax. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba ukhethe nayiphi na kuzo, yazi ukuba emva kweminyaka elishumi yophando lokuhluza amanzi asekhaya, sikholelwa ukuba izihluzi ezingaphantsi kwe-sinki okanye eziphantsi kwe-faucet lolona khetho lulungileyo. Zihlala ixesha elide, zihambisa amanzi acocekileyo ngokukhawuleza, zinciphisa ungcoliseko, azifane zivale, kwaye zithatha imizuzu kuphela ukuyifaka.
Lo mzekelo unezitifiketi ezingaphezu kwe-30 ze-ANSI / NSF-ngaphezu kwaso nasiphi na isihluzi kwiklasi yayo-kwaye yenzelwe ukuhlala iinyanga ezintandathu phakathi kokutshintshwa. Kodwa, njengazo zonke izihluzi, inokuvalwa.
Utyikityo lweketile yeBrita ichaza ubukhulu becala udidi lweketile yokucoca kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa nokugcina icocekile kunezinye iimodeli ezininzi zeBrita.
Isixhobo sokuhambisa amanzi saseBrita sigcina amanzi awoneleyo ngosuku kusapho olukhulu, kwaye impompo yaso engavuziyo ilula ngokwaneleyo ukuba abantwana bayisebenzise.
Abanikezeli be-LifeStraw bangqiniwe ukuba basusa ungcoliseko oluninzi, kubandakanya ilothe, kwaye izihluzi zabo zixhathisa ukuvaleka kunaso nasiphi na esinye isihluzi esisivavanyileyo.
Le modeli ineziqinisekiso ezingaphezulu kwe-30 ze-ANSI/NSF (ngaphezu kwaso nasiphi na isihluzi kwiklasi yayo) kwaye yenzelwe ukuhlala iinyanga ezintandathu phakathi kokutshintshwa. Kodwa, njengazo zonke izihluzi, inokuvalwa.
Izihluzi ze-Brita Elite zezona zihluzo zisebenzayo ze-Brita kwaye zinesiqinisekiso se-ANSI/NSF sokuhluza ungcoliseko olungakumbi kunaso nasiphi na esinye isihluzi esondliwa ngumxhuzulane esithe savavanya, kubandakanya ilothe, imekyuri, cadmium, PFOA kunye nePFAS nokunye. Ukungcola” okuxhaphakileyo kumanzi etephu. Inobomi obuziigaloni ezili-120, okanye iinyanga ezintandathu, nto leyo ephinda-phinda kathathu ubomi obulinganiselweyo kuninzi lwezinye izihluzi. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku kunokwenza i-Elite ingabizi kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa kunesihluzo esiqhelekileyo. isihluzo seenyanga ezimbini. Noko ke, ngaphambi kokuba kudlule iinyanga ezintandathu, intlenga esemanzini isenokuyivala. Ukuba uyazi ukuba amanzi akho etephu acocekile, kodwa nje ukuphucula incasa yawo, ngakumbi amanzi anencasa yeklorini, sebenzisa i-pitcher ye-Brita eqhelekileyo. Isitshizi sokucoca sinexabiso eliphantsi kwaye asinakukwazi ukuvaleka, kodwa asiqinisekiswanga ukuba sinelothe okanye nayiphi na imichiza yeshishini. imidibaniso.
Utyikityo lweketile yeBrita ichaza ubukhulu becala udidi lweketile yokucoca kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa nokugcina icocekile kunezinye iimodeli ezininzi zeBrita.
Phakathi kweebhotile ezininzi zamanzi e-Brita, esizithandayo yi-Brita Standard Everyday Water Bottle 10 Cup. Uyilo lwe-nooks kunye ne-crannies lwenza ukucoca kube lula kunezinye iingqayi ze-Brita, kwaye isiciko sesandla-sinye senza ukuphinda kuzaliseke lula. Umqheba waso ogobileyo omile okwe-C ukhululekile ngakumbi kune-angular emile njenge-D efumaneka kwiibhotile ezininzi ze-Brita.
Isixhobo sokuhambisa amanzi saseBrita sigcina amanzi awoneleyo ngosuku kusapho olukhulu, kwaye impompo yaso engavuziyo ilula ngokwaneleyo ukuba abantwana bayisebenzise.
I-Brita Ultramax ehambisa amanzi ibamba malunga ne-27 yeekomityi zamanzi (iikomityi ezili-18 kwisisele sokuhluza kunye nezinye iikomityi ezili-9 okanye ezili-10 kwindawo yokugcina amanzi). Uyilo lwayo olubhityileyo lugcina indawo efrijini, kwaye impompo ivaleka ngokuzenzekelayo emva kokugalela ukuthintela ukuphuphuma. Le yindlela efanelekileyo yokuhlala unamanzi abandayo acocekileyo aneleyo.
Abanikezeli be-LifeStraw bangqiniwe ukuba basusa ungcoliseko oluninzi, kubandakanya ilothe, kwaye izihluzi zabo zixhathisa ukuvaleka kunaso nasiphi na esinye isihluzi esisivavanyileyo.
Siqhube iilitha ezi-2.5 zamanzi angcoliseke kakhulu ngumhlwa nge-LifeStraw yamanzi asekhaya, kwaye nangona amanzi ehlile kancinci ukuya esiphelweni, ukuhluzwa akuzange kume. Olu lukhetho lwethu olucacileyo kuye nabani na onamava kwezinye izihluzi zamanzi (kubandakanya ukukhetha kwethu okuphezulu iBrita Elite) okanye ojonge isisombululo sokutephulela amanzi awaziwa ngokuba anomhlwa okanye anentlenga. I-LifeStraw ineziqinisekiso ezine ze-ANSI / NSF (i-chlorine, i-taste kunye nevumba, i-lead kunye ne-mercury) kwaye iye yavavanywa ngokuzimeleyo ngamabhubhoratri aqinisekisiweyo ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho emininzi yokutshatyalaliswa kwe-ANSI / NSF.
Ndiye ndivavanya izihluzi zamanzi ze-Wirecutter ukususela ngo-2016. Kwingxelo yam, ndathetha ixesha elide kunye ne-NSF kunye neZiko loMgangatho waManzi, imibutho emibini yezatifikethi zokucoca amanzi e-United States, ukuqonda ukuba uvavanyo lwabo luqhutywa njani. Ndikhe ndadlana indlebe nabameli abasuka kubenzi abaninzi bokucoca amanzi ukuze baphikise amabango abo. Ndisebenzise izihluzi ezininzi kunye neengqayi kule minyaka idlulileyo ngenxa yokuba ukuqina ngokubanzi, ukukhululeka kunye neendleko zokugcinwa, kunye nobuhlobo bomsebenzisi zibaluleke kakhulu kwinto oyisebenzisayo amaxesha amaninzi ngemini.
Owayesakuba ngusosayensi we-NOAA uJohn Holecek uphande kwaye wabhala inguqulelo yangaphambili yesi sikhokelo, wenza uvavanyo lwakhe, kwaye wagunyazisa uvavanyo oluzimeleyo.
Esi sikhokelo sesabo bafuna isihluzo samanzi se-pitcher esigcwalisa amanzi abo ompompo kwaye siyigcine kwisikhenkcisi sabo.
Inzuzo yesihluzi se-pitcher kukuba kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Konke okufuneka ukwenze kukuzigcwalisa kwimpompo kwaye ulinde ukuba isihluzo sisebenze. Zikwathanda ukuba kutshiphu ukuthenga, kunye nezihluzo ezitshintshiweyo (ezidla ngokufuneka rhoqo ngeenyanga ezimbini) zibiza ngaphantsi kwe $15.
Banezinto ezininzi ezingalunganga. Banokususa ngokufanelekileyo uluhlu oluncinci lwezinto ezingcolisayo kunezihluzo ezininzi ezingaphantsi kwe-sinki okanye ngaphantsi kwe-faucet kuba zixhomekeke kubunzima bomxhuzulane endaweni yoxinzelelo lwamanzi, zifuna isihluzo esixinene kancinci.
Ukuthembela kwabo kubunzima bomxhuzulane kukwathetha ukuba izihluzi zepitcher ziyacotha: ukuzaliswa nje kwamanzi ukusuka kwindawo ephezulu yamanzi kunokuthatha imizuzu emi-5 ukuya kweli-15 ukudlula kwisihluzo, kwaye kaninzi kufuna ukongezwa okuninzi ukuze ufumane ingqayi epheleleyo yamanzi acocekileyo. .
Izihluzi zepitcher zihlala zivaleleke ngenxa yentlenga esemanzini etephu okanye amaqamza omoya amancinane asuka kwimibhobho yomoya.
Ngezi zizathu, sincoma ukufaka isihluzi phantsi kwe-sink okanye kwi-faucet ukuba iimeko ziyayifuna.
EUnited States, unikezelo lwamanzi lukawonke-wonke lulawulwa yi-Arhente yoKhuseleko lokuSingqongileyo (EPA) phantsi koMthetho waManzi okuSela ngokuKhuselekileyo, kwaye amaziko okucoca amanzi aphuma kuluntu kufuneka ahlangabezane nemigangatho engqongqo yobulunga. Nangona kunjalo, ayizizo zonke izinto ezinokuthi zingcolise izinto ezilawulwayo.
Ukongezelela, ukungcola kungangena emva kokuba amanzi eshiya isityalo sonyango ngemibhobho evuzayo okanye (kwimeko yelothe) ngokuvuza kwimibhobho ngokwayo. Ukucocwa kwamanzi okwenziweyo okanye ukungahoywa kwesi sityalo kunokwenza kube mandundu ukuvuza kwimibhobho esezantsi, njengoko kwenzeka eFlint, eMichigan.
Ukufumana kanye ukuba yintoni na ekumanzini omboneleli wakho, ungakhangela kwi-intanethi ye-EPA-evunyiweyo yeNgxelo yoMthengi yoMthengi (CCR). Kungenjalo, bonke ababoneleli bamanzi bakawonke-wonke kufuneka bakunike iiCCR zabo xa becelile.
Kodwa ngenxa yongcoliseko olunokwenzeka emazantsi omlambo, ekuphela kwendlela yokubona ukuba yintoni na emanzini endlu yakho kukuwavavanya. Ilabhoratri yomgangatho wamanzi yendawo yakho inokukwenza oku, okanye ungasebenzisa ikiti yokuvavanya ekhaya. Sijonge ezili-11 kubo kwisikhokelo sethu kwaye sachukumiseka linqaku leSimpleLab's Tap, ekulula ukulisebenzisa kwaye libonelela ngengxelo eneenkcukacha, ebhalwe ngokucacileyo ukuba yintoni, ukuba ikho, ungcoliseko lusemanzini akho etephu.
Uvavanyo lwamanzi lukamasipala lweSimpleLab Tap oluphambili lubonelela ngohlalutyo olubanzi lwamanzi akho okusela kwaye lubonelela ngeziphumo ekulula ukuzifunda.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba sicebisa kuphela izihluzi onokuthi uzithembe, kudala sinyanzelisa ukuba ukhetho lwethu lufikelele umgangatho wegolide: isiqinisekiso se-ANSI/NSF. I-American National Standards Institute (ANSI) kunye neNational Science Foundation (NSF) yimibutho yabucala, engenzi nzuzo esebenza kunye ne-Arhente yoKhuseleko lokusiNgqongileyo, abavelisi kunye nezinye iingcali ukuphuhlisa imigangatho yomgangatho ongqongqo kunye nokuvavanya amawaka eemveliso, kuquka iiprothokholi zamanzi. isihluzo.
Kuphela kwaba semva kokusebenzisa iisampulu “zovavanyo” ezazingcoliseke kakhulu kunamanzi ompompo amaninzi apho izihluzi ziye zakwazi ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho egqithise kakhulu ubomi bazo obulindelweyo.
Iilabhoratri ezimbini eziphambili zokuqinisekisa isihluzo samanzi yiNSF ngokwayo kunye noMbutho woMgangatho waManzi (WQA). Bobabini bavunywe ngokupheleleyo yi-ANSI kunye neBhunga leMigangatho yaseKhanada eNyakatho Melika kwaye banokwenza uvavanyo lwe-ANSI / NSF yokuqinisekisa.
Kodwa emva kweminyaka yeengxoxo zangaphakathi, ngoku sikwamkele ulwimi olukhululekileyo "luvavanywa kwimigangatho ye-ANSI / NSF" kunokuba luqinisekiswe ngokusemthethweni, ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko ezimbalwa ezingqongqo: Okokuqala, uvavanyo lwenziwa ilabhoratri ezimeleyo, kungekhona ngokuzimela. ilabhoratri. umenzi wesihluzi; Okwesibini, i-laboratory ngokwayo ivunyiwe yi-ANSI okanye ezinye ii-arhente ezilinganayo zelizwe okanye ezingekho phantsi kukarhulumente ukuba ziqhube uvavanyo olungqongqo kwimigangatho echaziweyo; Okwesithathu, i-laboratory yokuvavanya, iziphumo zayo kunye neendlela zichazwe ngumenzi; Okwesine, uMvelisi unamava amaninzi ekudaleni izihlungi eziye zaqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwazo, ukuthembeka kwaye zichazwe ngokunyanisekileyo.
Siphinde sayicutha phantsi kwizihluzi eziqinisekisiweyo okanye ezilingana ubuncinane nemigangatho emibini ye-ANSI/NSF (uMgangatho wama-42 kunye noMgangatho wama-53) (ukugquma i-chlorine kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolisayo "zobuhle" kunye neentsimbi ezinzima ezifana nelothe, ngokulandelelana), njengoko kunye nezibulali zinambuzane. kunye nezinye iikhompawundi eziphilayo). Umgangatho omtsha we-401 ugubungela "ungcoliseko olusakhulayo," olufana namayeza, olufumaneka kakhulu emanzini e-United States, yiyo loo nto sigxile kwizihluzi.
Siqale ukukhangela iiketile ezidumileyo ezikwi-10 ukuya kwi-11 zekomityi ezinomthamo kunye nezixhobo ezinkulu zokukhupha amanzi, eziluncedo kakhulu kumakhaya asebenzisa amanzi kakhulu. (Iinkampani ezininzi zibonelela ngeengqayi ezincinci kwabo bangayidingi imodeli epheleleyo.)
Emva koko siye sathelekisa iinkcukacha zoyilo (kubandakanya isimbo sokuphatha kunye nokuthuthuzela), ukulula kofakelo lokucoca kunye nokutshintshwa, indawo i-pitcher kunye ne-dispenser ithatha kwifriji, kunye nomlinganiselo wevolumu yereservoir ephezulu yokuzalisa ukuya kwindawo ephantsi "yesihluzi". (Okukhona uphezulu umlinganiselo, kungcono, kuba uya kufumana amanzi ahluziweyo ngakumbi ngalo lonke ixesha usebenzisa impompo.)
Senze iimvavanyo ezininzi kwizihluzi ezininzi ngo-2016, sithelekisa iziphumo zethu neziqinisekiso ze-ANSI/NSF kunye namabango omenzi. Kwilebhu yakhe, uJohn Holecek walinganisa umlinganiselo isihluzo ngasinye esisuse ngaso iklorin. Kwiinketho zethu ezimbini zokuqala, senze ikhontrakthi yovavanyo lokususa isikhokelo esizimeleyo sisebenzisa izisombululo zongcoliseko olukhokelayo ngaphezu kokuba i-NSF ifuna kwisivumelwano sayo soqinisekiso.
Eyona nto siyithathayo kuvavanyo lwethu kukuba isatifikethi se-ANSI/NSF okanye isatifikethi esilinganayo sisilathisi esithembekileyo sokusebenza kohluzo. Oku akumangalisi xa kunikwe ubume obungqongqo bemigangatho yoqinisekiso. Ukusukela ngoko, siye sathembela kwisatifikethi se-ANSI/NSF okanye isiqinisekiso esilinganayo ukumisela ukusebenza kwesihluzo esinikiweyo.
Uvavanyo lwethu olulandelayo lujolise kusetyenziso lwehlabathi lokwenyani, kunye neempawu ezisebenzayo kunye neziphene ezithi zibonakale xa uqala ukusebenzisa iimveliso ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Lo mzekelo unezitifiketi ezingaphezu kwe-30 ze-ANSI / NSF-ngaphezu kwaso nasiphi na isihluzi kwiklasi yayo-kwaye yenzelwe ukuhlala iinyanga ezintandathu phakathi kokutshintshwa. Kodwa, njengazo zonke izihluzi, inokuvalwa.
I-Brita Elite (eyayifudula i-Longlast +) izihluzi zi-ANSI/NSF eziqinisekisiweyo zokubona ngaphezulu kwe-30 engcolisekileyo (PDF), kubandakanya i-lead, i-mercury, i-microplastics, i-asbestos, kunye ne-PFAS ezimbini eziqhelekileyo: i-perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) kunye ne-perfluorinated octane sulfonic acid (PFOS). Oku kuyenza ibe sesona sihluzo siqinisekisiweyo esisivavanyileyo, kwaye enye esiyicebisayo kwabo bafuna uxolo lwengqondo olukhulu.
Kungqinwe ukuba kususwe amanye amabala amaninzi aqhelekileyo. Ezi ziquka i-chlorine (eyongezwa emanzini ukunciphisa ibhaktheriya kunye nezinye iintsholongwane kwaye iyona nto ibangela "incasa embi" emanzini ompompo); i-carbon tetrachloride, i-volatile organic compound eyonakalisa isibindi; inokufumaneka ngokwandayo emanzini etephu. "Iikhompawundi ezintsha" zafunyanwa, kuquka i-bisphenol A (BPA), i-DEET (i-insect repellent eqhelekileyo) kunye ne-estrone (i-synthetic form of estrogen).
Ngelixa uninzi lwezihluzi zepitcher zinomjikelo wokutshintsha zonke iilitha ezingama-40 okanye iinyanga ezimbini, i-Elite inomjikelo wokutshintsha we-120 iilitha okanye iinyanga ezintandathu. Ngokwethiyori, oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka usebenzise kuphela izihluzo ezimbini ze-Elite ngonyaka endaweni yesithandathu, udala inkunkuma encinci kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokuzalisa kwakhona malunga ne-50%.
Kwi-pitcher filter, isebenza ngokukhawuleza. Kuvavanyo lwethu, isihluzi esitsha se-Elite sithathe nje imizuzu emihlanu ukuya kwesixhenxe ukugcwalisa. Izihluzo ezilinganayo esizivavanyileyo zithatha ixesha elide-ngokuqhelekileyo imizuzu eli-10 nangaphezulu.
Kodwa kukho i-caveat. Njengazo zonke izihluzi zepitcher, i-Elite ivaleka ngokulula, enokucothisa isantya sokuhluza okanye nokuyeka ukuhluza ngokupheleleyo, okuthetha ukuba kuya kufuneka uyibuyisele rhoqo. Abaninzi, abanikazi abaninzi baye bakhalaza ngalo mbandela, kwaye ngexesha lovavanyo lwethu, i-Elite yaqala ukucotha ngaphambi kokufikelela kwi-120-gallon umthamo wayo. Ukuba unengxaki eyaziwayo ngentlenga kumanzi etephu yakho (ehlala iluphawu lwemibhobho erusi), amava akho aya kuba njalo.
Kwaye usenokungadingi lonke ukhuseleko lwabaphezulu. Ukuba uyazi ukuba amanzi akho etephu asemgangathweni olungileyo (oku kunokumiselwa kusetyenziswa umvavanyi wasekhaya), sicebisa ukuba usebenzise isiseko sembiza ye-Brita yokukhupha amanzi kunye nesihluzi. Ineziqinisekiso ezi-5 kuphela ze-ANSI/NSF (PDF), kubandakanywa neklorini (kodwa ingakhokelelanga, i-organics, okanye i-contaminants emitsha), eneziqinisekiso ezimbalwa kakhulu kune-Elite. Kodwa sisihluzo esinexabiso eliphantsi, esisivalekileyo esinokuphucula incasa yamanzi akho.
Kulula ukwenza iimpazamo xa ufaka isihluzo seBrita. Ekuqaleni isihluzo sisendaweni kwaye sibonakala siqinile. Kodwa eneneni kuthatha inzame encinci ukuyikhusela ngokupheleleyo endaweni. Ukuba awucinezeli ngokwaneleyo, amanzi angahluzwanga angavuza amacala esihluzi xa ugcwalisa indawo yokugcina amanzi, oku kuthetha ukuba amanzi akho “ahluziweyo” akavuzi. Ezinye izihluzi esizithengileyo kuvavanyo luka-2023 nazo bezifuna ukubekwa ukuze indawo ende kwicala elinye lesihluzi isilayidi phezu kwethebhu ehambelanayo kwezinye iingqayi zeBrita. (Ezinye iibhekile, kubandakanya neMigangatho yethu ye-10 yeNdebe yeMihla yonke esiyithandayo, yiza ingabhalwanga kwaye ikuvumela ukuba ujongise isihluzi kukhetho lwakho.)
Utyikityo lweketile yeBrita ichaza ubukhulu becala udidi lweketile yokucoca kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa nokugcina icocekile kunezinye iimodeli ezininzi zeBrita.
Umgangatho wemihla ngemihla ye-Brita ye-10-cup yamanzi ibhotile (ngokukodwa inguqulo kunye ne-SmartLight Replacement Indicator kunye ne-Elite Filter) ixhaphake kakhulu ukuba mhlawumbi uninzi lwethu lucinga xa sicinga ngeebhotile zamanzi ezihluziweyo. Ikwayeyona nto siyithandayo kwiingqayi ezininzi ze-Brita, ngakumbi ngenxa yokuba yeyona nto ilula ukuyicoca kwaye azikho iindawo zokuhlala kunye neekrani apho ubumdaka bunokuqokelelana khona. Ukujijwa kobhontsi kukhulula esinye isandla ukuba sisebenzise itephu xa ufaka amanzi. I-SmartLight yayo ilinganisa ngokuthe ngqo ukuhamba kwamanzi kwaye ikwazisa xa ilixesha lokutshintsha isihluzi. Kwaye isiphatho esilula esimile okwe-C lolona yilo lutofotofo lukaBrita.
Umgangatho weMihla yonke i-Amazon ekhethekileyo; UBrita uthengisa iibhotile zamanzi zeTahoe ezifanayo eWalmart, Target nakwabanye abathengisi. Umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwezi zimbini sisibambo sika-Tahoe sika-D, esisifumene nzima kancinane ukusibamba.
Nangona i-kettle yemihla ngemihla ibhengezwa njengemodeli ye-10-cup, ibamba malunga neekomityi ze-11.5, ezaneleyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zemihla ngemihla zentsapho encinci. Xa igcwele, inobunzima obungaphezulu nje kwe-7 pounds, nto leyo ibeka uxinzelelo kwizihlahla zakho; Incinci iBrita Space Saver 6-cup pitcher inobunzima obumalunga ne-4.5 yeeponti xa igcwele, kodwa iza ne-Brita pitcher esemgangathweni kunye nesihluzo se-dispenser, ke kuya kufuneka uthenge i-Elite Filter ngokwahlukeneyo.